Emphysema and Proteinuria in Men Casting Copper-Cadmium Alloys

Bonnell, J.A.

doi:10.1136/oem.12.3.181

Cited by 62 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Extensive epidemiological studies were instituted after it was demonstrated that the water, rice, and fish in the endemic area were found to contain high concentrations of cadmium and other metals, probably due to contamination of the local river by the effluent from a zinc-lead-cadmium smelter. These studies continue (119,163,164). Thus, the musculoskeletal features of itaiitai are far from unique as manifestations of excessive cadmium exposure.…”

Section: Toxic Effects In Man and Animalsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Environmental Impact of Cadmium: A Review by the Panel on Hazardous Trace Substances

Fleischer¹,

Sarofim²,

Fassett³

et al. 1974

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Section: Toxic Effects In Man and Animalsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Environmental Impact of Cadmium: A Review by the Panel on Hazardous Trace Substances

Fleischer¹,

Sarofim²,

Fassett³

et al. 1974

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…Several studies from the 1950s and 1960s reported emphysema and dyspnoea among subjects exposed to lower doses of cadmium [3,5,[22][23][24]. KJELLSTRÖM [25] reported increased mortality due to respiratory diseases among battery factory workers exposed to cadmium for >5 years.…”

Section: Long-term Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium in tobacco smokers: a neglected link to lung disease?

et al. 2018

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Cadmium in tobacco smoke may contribute to the development of pulmonary emphysema. However, there is poor understanding of the mechanisms behind the pathogenic role of cadmium in this and other smoking-related lung diseases. The traditional focus on the total body burden of cadmium, estimated through analysis of urine, may not fully reflect the local burden of cadmium, since it is inhaled by smokers. Thus, assessing the local accumulation of cadmium in the lungs appears more relevant, given that there is tissue-specific retention of cadmium.In this review, we outline the principal sources of cadmium exposure and the clinical effects of occupational exposure. In addition, we review evidence on local cadmium and its association with alterations in innate immunity in tobacco smokers. Moreover, we scrutinise the data on cadmium as a cause of lung disease in translational models.We conclude that cadmium may contribute to smoking-related lung diseases, possibly via an altered redox balance and by making macrophages dysfunctional. However, there is a need for new studies on local cadmium levels and their relation to pathology in long-term tobacco smokers, as well as for more indepth studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms, to elucidate the importance of cadmium in smokingrelated lung diseases.

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“…Although a number of studies have found evidence for an association between chronic cadmium exposure and emphysema (Bonnell 1955;Holden 1965;Lewis et al 1969), other studies have found no evidence for such an association (Suzuki et al 1965;Lauwerys et al 1974). …”

Section: Cadmium and Zinc Levels In The Hair Of Smokers And Nonsmokermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium and zinc levels in the hair of smokers and nonsmokers

Simonsen

2000

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To determine the relationship of tobacco and marijuana smoking to levels of cadmium and zinc manifested in hair samples, a study was conducted at Portland State University using atomic.absorption spectrophotometry. 97 adult student volunteers participated in the main study.Tobacco smokers had significantly higher hair cadmium concentrations and marijuana smokers had significantly higher zinc concentrations than nonsmokers, confirming tobacco smoking as a significant source of cadmium and implicating marijuana as a significant source of zinc. Higher average concentrations of cadmium among marijuana smokers and zinc among tobacco smokers were also observed but lacked statistical significance. Since cadmium is a toxic metal with a long biological half-life and a tendency to accumulate in certain target organs, particularly the kidney, the effects of smoking upon the level of long-t~rm cadmium intake may have important consequences for health. In addition, comparative studies of hair metal levels neglecting to take smoking habits into account are suspect at least insofar as cadmium and probably zinc are concerned.Trends toward increasing cadmium with age and observations of decreased cadmium among individuals with black hair and increased cadmium among individuals doing soldering are in general agreement 2 with previous findings but the lack of significantly higher cadmium levels for males than for females contradicts previous work on Americans. Different proportions of smokers in the subject populations may be involved in this disagreement.Former smokers had cadmium and zinc concentrations that did not exceed the average concentrations for nonsmokers, indicating that hair cadmium and zinc levels reflect exposure or intake rather than cumulative body burden.

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Emphysema and Proteinuria in Men Casting Copper-Cadmium Alloys

Cited by 62 publications

References 9 publications

Environmental Impact of Cadmium: A Review by the Panel on Hazardous Trace Substances

Environmental Impact of Cadmium: A Review by the Panel on Hazardous Trace Substances

Cadmium in tobacco smokers: a neglected link to lung disease?

Cadmium and zinc levels in the hair of smokers and nonsmokers

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