Emphysematous gastritis secondary to<i>Sarcina ventriculi</i>

Alvin, Matthew D.; Jalbout, Nour Al

doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-224233

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In recent years there has been an exponential rise in clinical reports implicating Sarcina ventriculi as a human pathogen. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Delayed gastric emptying, gastroparesis, outlet obstruction, and gastric surgery provide an ideal medium for replication of the organism, which can be associated with minor or very severe gastroesophageal pathological changes, including EG. 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emphysematous gastritis due to Sarcina ventriculi infection in a diabetic liver-kidney transplant recipient

et al. 2020

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Emphysematous gastritis (EG) is a rare and potentially lethal process caused by invasive, gas-producing bacteria leading to inflammation and gas dissection of the stomach. The most common etiologic agents are Clostridium infections, but other organisms, including enterobacteria, staphylococcus, and fungi have also been identified. We report the first case of EG due to Sarcina ventriculi in a solid organ transplant recipient, who presented with epigastric pain and vomiting. The patient had a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) with recurrent episodes of ketoacidosis and systemic diabetic complications, including severe gastroparesis. CT scan studies demonstrated EG with venous air, and endoscopy showed severe gastritis and ulcerations. In the gastric biopsies, abundant Sarcina ventriculi were noted in areas of mucosal/submucosal necrosis. Antibiotic treatment was instituted at admission, and subsequent endoscopy demonstrated the disappearance of Sarcina, with some improvement of the gastric inflammation; however, the patient developed septic shock with multiorgan failure and expired. This case highlights the need to consider other infectious etiologies in transplant patients, in addition to the well-known opportunistic infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emphysematous gastritis due to Sarcina ventriculi infection in a diabetic liver-kidney transplant recipient

et al. 2020

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“…Most of the cases exhibited abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and delayed gastric emptying (1). It has also fatal life-threatening complications, such as gastric perforation and emphysematous gastritis (10,11). In our case, who had severe abdominal pain, perforating ulcerative gastritis and peritonitis was thought to cause death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Postmortem Diagnosis of Gastric Ulcer Perforation and Peritonitis with Sarcina Ventriculi: A Case Report

Buğra¹,

Daş²,

Elgörmüş³

et al. 2019

Bull Leg Med

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Sarcina ventriculi is a gram-positive anaerobic coccus with characteristic tetrad morphology. Sarcina ventriculiis identified by light microscopy with features of basophilic staining, cuboidal shape, tetrad morphology, and refractile nature. There have been very few case reports of Sarcina ventriculi reported in the literature. We present a case of a 53-year-old male, with gastric ulcer perforation where peritonitis was incidentally found to harbor Sarcina ventriculi in postmortem histopathological examination. Most of the cases exhibit abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and delayed gastric emptying. It has also fatal life-threatening complications, such as gastric perforation and emphysematous gastritis. The histopathological examination has a key role for identification of the bacteria. The pathologist must always keep it in mind these bacteria as a cause of gastric ulcer perforation in the differential diagnosis. We want to present a case of a 53-year-old male gastric ulcer perforation who was found dead in his bed.

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“…Clostridium, Streptococci, Staphylococcus, E. coli and Pseudomonas species, Candida and mucor constitute the group of organisms responsible for infection in EG [1]. A recent case report also mentions about the association of a rare gram-positive coccus, Sarcina ventriculi [2]. Although the Candida was detected in gastric mucosa biopsy in our case, it is difficult to mention that it is the causal agent as Candida is commonly associated with other comorbidities like CKD and immunosuppression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Unexplained Portal Gas in a Patient with an Esophageal Ulcer

Gupta

Surapaneni

Vinayek

et al. 2018

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine

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Emphysematous gastritis is the infection of gastric mucosa by gas producing microorganisms. It is a rare infection with less than 100 cases reported in the literature. The association of portal venous gas along with emphysematous gastritis is a rare entity. The concomitant portal venous gas worsens the outcome and warrant for surgical treatment. Our case has portal venous gas on CT scan along with suspicion of emphysematous gastritis and an esophageal ulcer on upper GI endoscopy. Medical treatment was given in our case of portal venous gas with the esophageal ulcer. Our case is unique because our patient responded to the conservative management. The patient presented with past history of polysubstance abuse and chronic kidney disease presented with symptoms of acute abdomen. CT scan revealed portal venous gas and suspicion of gastric emphysema. In addition, few foci of gas are seen along the vessels traversing between the stomach and liver. Endoscopy with gastric mucosa biopsy showed Candida albicans. Subsequently, antifungals were started. There was improvement in clinical condition of the patient. We, hereby, also summarize all the reported cases of emphysematous gastritis with treatment and outcome in each case. There has been change in trend from surgical to medical treatment.

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Emphysematous gastritis secondary toSarcina ventriculi

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

Emphysematous gastritis due to Sarcina ventriculi infection in a diabetic liver-kidney transplant recipient

Emphysematous gastritis due to Sarcina ventriculi infection in a diabetic liver-kidney transplant recipient

Postmortem Diagnosis of Gastric Ulcer Perforation and Peritonitis with Sarcina Ventriculi: A Case Report

Unexplained Portal Gas in a Patient with an Esophageal Ulcer

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