“…Most studies investigating mobile reading have focused on analyzing the influence of hardware performance, such as the display comfort and operational comfort of various devices (Kurata et al, 2017;Rajanen et al, 2015), on readability, the influence of software functions, such as different fonts, resolutions and layouts (Burson and Yilmaz, 2019;Li and Liu, 2019;Lu et al, 2017;Yu and Kong, 2016) and the learning effects. Several studies have investigated mobile readers' preferences and habits (Al-Samarraie et al, 2017;Ibrahim et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2020a, b); the impact of the reading content, such as the richness and presentation format of digital resources, on readers' mobile reading intentions (Barr on-Cedeño et al, 2019;Choi et al, 2018;Ling and Lin, 2010) and the relationship between readers' comprehension and motivation for mobile reading (Cartwright et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2020;Wang, 2017). Research on mobile reading motivation tends to focus on external motivation, while few studies have focused on the psychological motivational activation level.…”