Empirical Time-Spatial Propagation Formula for Outdoor NLOS and LOS Environments

Abstract

In order to accurately evaluate spatial processing techniques such as MIMO for wideband mobile communications, a Time-Spatial Propagation (TSP) model that can simulate the characteristics of both the delay profile and the spatial arrival angular profile for travelling waves at the same time is required. We proposed an empirical TSP model for wideband mobile communication systems using UHF and SHF bands in non-line of sight (NLOS) environments. Based on field measurement data, this paper extends the TSP model for NLOS environments to also cover Line of Sight (LOS) environments.

Universal Path Gain Laws for Common Wireless Communication Environments

“…For the denser tree case in Fig. 14, equation (40), dominated by (39), predicts the measured path gain with 5.2 dB RMS, as compared to 4.7 dB RMS obtained with a slope-intercept fit to data and 10 dB RMS with 3GPP UMa LOS model.…”

“…Various propagation mechanisms presented in previous sections contribute to the overall signal power in urban street canyons. The theoretical model applied consists of the sum of powers for a path penetrating clutter from the side (40), overtop of trees contribution (23) and a direct path, attenuated through clutter: canyon-total canyon,trees over-top direct where rv is the part of direct range passing through vegetation, as estimated from tree locations. Even coarse tree information, such as "10 m average height trees, along both sides, every 20 m" may be used to estimate rv.…”

“…Guided propagation (37) arises only when there are so few trees so as to make loss due to vv r e   − negligible, leading to distance exponent of 2.5. Theory is (40), dominated by unguided path (39).…”

“…14. Path gain at 28 GHz on a Manhattan sidewalk with trees 15 m apart.Theory is(40), dominated by unguided path(39).…”

Carrier frequency characteristic of Time-Spatial profile in outdoor LOS environments

“…We have also proposed a Time-Spatial profile prediction formula in Line of sight (LOS) environments based on measurement made in various areas and with various carrier frequencies (SHF band) [6]- [9]. This formula also does not contain the carrier frequency as a parameter because each profile depends on the carrier frequency only to an insignificant degree.…”