“…Popular change models (e. g., Kotter, 1996;Oreg et al, 2011;Oreg et al, 2018) and the empirical change literature (e. g., Mosadeghrad & Ansarian, 2014;Oakland & Tanner, 2007) agree that one of the most essential activities to ensuring a successful change are employee information and employee participation. Several studies (e. g., Amarantou et al, 2018;Paruzel et al, 2020;Peccei et al, 2011) found that a lack of employee involvement during the change process was associated with a more negative attitude toward change, less change readiness and acceptance of the change, and more resistance to change. Yet, especially for small and mediumsized companies, it is challenging to continuously involve their employees, as they lack expertise in the fields of change management, organizational development, or work design.…”