Emu Oil Increases Colonic Crypt Depth in a Rat Model of Ulcerative Colitis

Abimosleh, Suzanne M.; Lindsay, Ruth J.; Butler, Ross N.; Cummins, Adrian G.; Howarth, Gordon S.

doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1979-1

Cited by 47 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This was evident in the scoring pattern of the ulcers, where the groups treated with emu oil alone or in combination with aloe vera has showed reduced ulceration and in some complete absence of ulcers, resulting in better scores than sulfasalazine. Similar findings were reported in earlier studies [8,16].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13].Aloe vera, a plant product, has been found to be effective in clinical trial for the treatment of IBD [14]. So, the present study selected aloe vera for comparison along with sulfasalazine [Positive control].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is prepared from the sub-cutaneous and retroperitoneal fat of the flightless bird, emu [Dromaius novaehollandiae] [15]. Recent studies suggest that emu oil has anti-inflammatory potential not only in arthritis [15] but also in gastroenteritis [8,16]. The present study was taken up with the objective to test the effects of emu oil in this model and to find a suitable alternative for the treatment of IBD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-inflammatory Activity of Emu Oil in Indomethacin Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Rats

Vemu

Selvasubramanian

Pandiyan

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci.

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic condition affecting human and animal species. The present study was taken up with the objective to test an animal product, emu oil against inflammatory bowel disease and to evaluate its activity in comparison to aloe vera (plant product) alone and in combination with emu oil. Experiment was performed in six groups containing 6 rats each. Rats were pre-treated for five consecutive days with sulfasalazine [100 mg/kg], aloe vera [400 mg/kg], emu oil [10 ml/kg] and the combination of aloe vera and emu oil to groups III, IV, V and VI respectively. The condition was induced using two consecutive subcutaneous injection of indomethacin [10 mg/kg] on day 4 and 5 in all groups except group I (control). Rats were sacrificed on day 8 and samples were collected for further analysis. Macroscopic lesions include ulceration [pin point to linear], perforation and necrotic epithelium in caecum. Microscopically, there was ulceration [loss of epithelium] and increased cellular infiltration. Emu oil was analysed through Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry for fatty acid profiling and was found to contain mixture of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids. This was evident through the analysis of inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters of group V when compared to groups III and IV. However, the combination of aloe vera and emu oil showed better activity than all other groups. Hence it was concluded that emu oil might be attempted to treat the inflammatory conditions of gastro-intestinal tract as a part of alternative medicine.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-inflammatory Activity of Emu Oil in Indomethacin Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Rats

Vemu

Selvasubramanian

Pandiyan

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci.

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“…Water was used as the control based on previous studies (1,24) involving the use of 5-FU and EO for the same duration of time, in which no significant differences in the body weight gain of rats were found between the water-treated group and the EO-treated group. In addition, since to date there is no information available on the relationship between EO bioactivity, metabolism, and body weight, a set amount (unadjusted by body weight) of emu oil (1.0 ml/day, a Specimen collection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies comparing different oils showed that EO was most potent in reducing adjuvant-induced dermal inflammation (53). More recently, dietary EO supplementation has been shown to be efficacious at reducing intestinal tissue damage and inflammation caused by 5-FU chemotherapy (1,24). However, whether EO can protect bone from inflammatory bone loss during chemotherapy remains unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dietary emu oil supplementation suppresses 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy-induced inflammation, osteoclast formation, and bone loss

Nadhanan

Abimosleh

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Raghu Nadhanan R, Abimosleh SM, Su YW, Scherer MA, Howarth GS, Xian CJ. Dietary emu oil supplementation suppresses 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy-induced inflammation, osteoclast formation, and bone loss. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 302: E1440 -E1449, 2012. First published March 20, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00587.2011Cancer chemotherapy can cause osteopenia or osteoporosis, and yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, and currently, no preventative treatments are available. This study investigated damaging effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on histological, cellular, and molecular changes in the tibial metaphysis and potential protective benefits of emu oil (EO), which is known to possess a potent anti-inflammatory property. Female dark agouti rats were gavaged orally with EO or water (1 ml·day Ϫ1 ·rat Ϫ1 ) for 1 wk before a single ip injection of 5-FU (150 mg/kg) or saline (Sal) was given. The treatment groups were H2O ϩ Sal, H2O ϩ 5-FU, EO ϩ 5-FU, and EO ϩ Sal. Oral gavage was given throughout the whole period up to 1 day before euthanasia (days 3, 4, and 5 post-5-FU). Histological analysis showed that H2O ϩ 5-FU significantly reduced heights of primary spongiosa on days 3 and 5 and trabecular bone volume of secondary spongiosa on days 3 and 4. It reduced density of osteoblasts slightly and caused an increase in the density of osteoclasts on trabecular bone surface on day 4. EO supplementation prevented reduction of osteoblasts and induction of osteoclasts and bone loss caused by 5-FU. Gene expression studies confirmed an inhibitory effect of EO on osteoclasts since it suppressed 5-FU-induced expression of proinflammatory and osteoclastogenic cytokine TNF␣, osteoclast marker receptor activator of nuclear factor-B, and osteoclast-associated receptor. Therefore, this study demonstrated that EO can counter 5-FU chemotherapy-induced inflammation in bone, preserve osteoblasts, suppress osteoclast formation, and potentially be useful in preventing 5-FU chemotherapy-induced bone loss.receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand; tumor necrosis factor-␣; anti-inflammatory ANTI-CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY can cause significant adverse effects on tissues, including the bone, in both pediatric and adult cancer patients (25). Short stature, low bone mass or osteoporosis, and/or fractures are some skeletal side effects that are due to chemotherapy among pediatric patients and adult survivors (32, 38, 46). Experimental studies in rats have also shown that drugs such as methotrexate (MTX), cisplatin, doxorubicin, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) can cause a reduction in bone growth and bone mass (50 -52). 5-FU is an antimetabolite drug commonly used to treat adult patients suffering from colorectal and breast cancer, whereas in children 5-FU is used to treat childhood solid tumours (27, 36). 5-FU inhibits thymidylate synthase, an enzyme required to synthesize thymine nucleotide, which is important for synthesis of DNA and RNA (27). In an acute 5-FU chemotherapy model in rats, reduced primary spongiosa heigh...

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4,4′‐Diaponeurosporene‐Producing Bacillus subtilis Promotes the Development of the Mucosal Immune System of the Piglet Gut

Jing

Liu

et al. 2019

The Anatomical Record

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Gut mucosal immune responses are known to act as the first line of defense against invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. Piglets have an incompletely developed gut mucosal immune system, making them sensitive to intestinal infections. Promoting the development of the mucosal immune system will increase the pathogen resistance of piglets. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of carotenoid (4,4′‐diaponeurosporene)‐producing Bacillus subtilis (B.s‐Dia) on intestinal mucosal immunity in piglets. We showed that oral administration to piglets of B.s‐Dia remarkably improved the development of Peyer's patches (PPs) (P < 0.01), and increased villus height (P < 0.01) and colon crypt depth (P < 0.01). In addition, B.s‐Dia also increased the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (P < 0.01), while Bacillus subtilis (B.s) had no significant influence on it (P > 0.05). Moreover, B.s‐Dia also increased the number of SIgA+ cells (P < 0.01). Oral administration of either B.s or B.s‐Dia increased the number of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in ileum lamina propria (P < 0.01). These results indicate that B.s‐Dia contributes to a higher extent to porcine mucosal immune system development than B.s, and might serve as an immunopotentiator candidate. Anat Rec, 302:1800–1807, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy

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Emu Oil Increases Colonic Crypt Depth in a Rat Model of Ulcerative Colitis

Abstract: Emu oil improved tissue damage associated with colitis, suggesting its potential as a unique formulation to augment conventional treatment approaches for IBD.

Cited by 47 publications

References 33 publications

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Emu Oil in Indomethacin Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Rats

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Emu Oil in Indomethacin Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Rats

Dietary emu oil supplementation suppresses 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy-induced inflammation, osteoclast formation, and bone loss

4,4′‐Diaponeurosporene‐Producing Bacillus subtilis Promotes the Development of the Mucosal Immune System of the Piglet Gut

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