Emulsification of Indian heavy crude oil using a novel surfactant for pipeline transportation

Kumar, Shailesh; Mahto, Vikas

doi:10.1007/s12182-017-0153-6

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Thus, it is a challenging process to decompose these chemicals in the refinery system, rendering them environmentally, unfriendly and costly. In this case, the surfactants used in this study could potentially act as cleaner and cheaper additives for crude oil with lower molecular weight and smaller molecules (Kumar and Mahto 2017;Gu et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of surfactants and their blend with silica nanoparticles on wax deposition in a Malaysian crude oil

et al. 2018

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The present study investigated the wax deposition tendencies of a light Malaysian crude oil (42.4°API), and the wax inhibiting potential of some surfactants and their blends with nanoparticles. With the knowledge that the majority of the wax inhibition research revolved around polymeric wax inhibitors, which cause environmental issues, we highlighted the potential of surfactants and their blend with SiO 2 nanoparticles as wax deposition inhibitors. Different surfactants including oil-based, silane-based, Gemini and bio-surfactants were considered as primary surfactants. The primary surfactants and their respective blends at a concentration of 400 ppm were screened as wax inhibitor candidates using cold finger apparatus. The screening results showed a significant influence on the paraffin inhibition efficiency on wax deposition by using 400 ppm of silane-based surfactant, which decreased the wax deposition up to 53.9% as compared to that of the untreated crude oil. The inhibition efficiency among the silane-based surfactant (highest) and bio-surfactant (lowest) revealed an appreciable difference up to 36.5%. Furthermore, the wax from the treated sample was found to deposit in a thin gel-like form, which adhered inadequately to the surface of the cold finger. A further investigation by blending the 400 ppm silane-based surfactant with a 400 ppm SiO 2 nanoparticle suspension in a load ratio of 3:1 found that the wax inhibition decreased up to 81% as compared to the scenario when they were not added. However, we have shown that the synergy between the silane-based surfactant and the nanoparticles is influenced by the concentration and load ratio of surfactant and nanoparticles, residence time, differential temperature and rotation rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of surfactants and their blend with silica nanoparticles on wax deposition in a Malaysian crude oil

et al. 2018

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“…Studies have shown that the emulsification process is significantly influenced by these parameters, as indicated in Table 2. Investigating the effect of surfactant concentration on the emulsification process, Kumar and Mahto [78] varied the surfactant concentration from 1 wt% to 3 wt% in intervals of 0.5 wt% and found that there was a drastic reduction in the emulsion viscosity of 96%. It was also observed that there was an increase in emulsion stability (from 80% to 100%) as the oil content increased (from 40% to 60%).…”

Section: Parameters Used For the Emulsification Formation Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Recent Advances in State-of-the-Art Techniques in the Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions

et al. 2019

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The processing of crude oil often requires the extraction of a large amount of water. Frequently, crude oil is mixed with water to form water-in-crude oil emulsions as the result of factors such as high shear at the production wellhead and surface-active substances that are naturally present in crude oil. These emulsions are undesirable and require demulsification to remove the dispersed water and associated inorganic salts in order to meet production and transportation specifications. Additionally, the demulsification of these crude oil emulsions mitigates corrosion and catalyst poisoning and invariably maximizes the overall profitability of crude oil production. Recently, there has been growing research interest in developing workable solutions to the difficulties associated with transporting and refining crude oil emulsions and the restrictions on produced water discharge. Therefore, this paper reviews the recent research efforts on state-of-the-art demulsification techniques. First, an overview of crude oil emulsion types, formation, and stability is presented. Then, the parameters and mechanisms of emulsification formation and different demulsification techniques are extensively examined. It is worth noting that the efficiency of each of these techniques is dependent on the operating parameters and their interplay. Moreover, a more effective demulsification process could be attained by leveraging synergistic effects by combining one or more of these techniques. Finally, this literature review then culminates with propositions for future research. Therefore, the findings of this study can help for a better understanding of the formation and mechanisms of the various demulsification methods of crude oil to work on the development of green demulsifiers by different sources.

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“…Essentially, within the reservoir or at the surface, the formation of emulsions is triggered by an energy input, which is traditionally supplied through shaking, stirring or some other kinds of intensive dynamic and/or static mixing forces. The process is usually aided by the presence of surface-active substances (such as synthetic chemical surfactant, natural hydrocarbon surfactant: asphaltene and resins and solid mineral particles) that contribute to stabilizing the particles of the dispersed phase (Clausse et al 2005;Martinez-Palou et al 2011Wong et al 2015;Wen et al 2016;Alade et al 2016a, b;Kumar and Mahto 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The popularly reported types of emulsions encountered in the petroleum industry include the binary-component waterin-oil (W/O) and oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions (Martinez-Palou et al 2011;Pal 2011;Balsamo et al 2014;Sefton and Sinton 2010;Mandal and Bera 2015;Alade et al 2016a;Zadymova et al 2017;Kumar and Mahto 2017). Several studies have been carried out on these types of emulsions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these include the study of formation and separation mechanisms (Kuo and Lee 2010;Fortuny et al 2007;Fingas and Fieldhouse 2014;Martinez-Palou et al 2015), interfacial behaviour (Sjoblom et al 2003;Yarranton et al 2007;Dehghan et al 2015;Schulz et al 2016) and pipeline transportation (Langevin et al 2004;Salager et al 2001;Martinez-Palou et al 2011;Al-Yaari et al 2014;Malkin et al 2017;Kumar and Mahto 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation into the effect of silica nanoparticles on the rheological characteristics of water-in-heavy oil emulsions

2019

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The effect of silica nanoparticles on the rheological characteristics of water-in-heavy oil emulsions has been investigated. Enhanced oil recovery methods for heavy oil production (most especially, thermal fluid injection) usually result in the formation of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion. In reality, the emulsion produced also contains some fine solid mineral particles such as silica, which, depending on its quantity, may alter the viscosity and/or rheological properties of the fluid. A series of binary-component emulsions were separately prepared by dispersing silica nanoparticles [phase fraction, β s , = 0.5%-5.75% (wt/v)] in heavy oil (S/O suspension) and by dispersing water [water cut, θ w = 10%-53% (v/v)] in heavy oil (W/O emulsion). Ternary-component emulsions comprising heavy oil, water droplets and suspended silica nanoparticles (S/W/O) were also prepared with similar ranges of θ w and β s . The viscosity was measured at different shear rates (5.1-1021.4 s −1 ) and temperatures (30-70 °C). Both binary-component and ternary-component emulsion systems were observed to exhibit non-Newtonian shear thinning behaviour. The viscosity of the heavy oil and W/O emulsions increased in the presence of silica nanoparticles. The effect was, however, less significant below β s = 2% (wt/v). Moreover, a generalized correlation has been proposed to predict the viscosity of both binary-component and ternary-component emulsions.

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Emulsification of Indian heavy crude oil using a novel surfactant for pipeline transportation

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of surfactants and their blend with silica nanoparticles on wax deposition in a Malaysian crude oil

Effect of surfactants and their blend with silica nanoparticles on wax deposition in a Malaysian crude oil

An Overview of Recent Advances in State-of-the-Art Techniques in the Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions

Investigation into the effect of silica nanoparticles on the rheological characteristics of water-in-heavy oil emulsions

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