En miroir du pouvoir. Les Phounoy du Nord Laos : ethnogenèse et dynamiques d'intégration

Bouté, Vanina

doi:10.3406/ephe.2005.12518

Cited by 9 publications

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“…De nombreux groupes ethniques coexistent au sein de la province et offrent une grande diversite´de syste`mes de production, de syste`mes agraires, de techniques culturales, etc. Selon les expertises, plus ou moins 31 sous-groupes ethniques vivent 7 aP hongsaly (Boute´, 2005;Chaze´e, 1999;National-Statistic-Centre, 1996). De`s lors, une )myriade d'e´conomies villageoises* existe et l'e´tude de cette diversite´ne´cessiterait un travail pharaonique.…”

Section: Un Terrain Et Une Me´thode Pour Questionner La The´orie E´counclassified

La théorie économique confrontée aux transformations économiques d’une société rurale: le cas de la province de Phongsaly au Laos

Alary

2012

Eur J Dev Res

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The dominant economic theory gives to the market a core function. Generally, exchanges of goods are considered as the way to maximize profit or utility. Social transformations are therefore driven by the market. The north of Lao PDR example refutes such theory. The Phongsaly rural communities have self-sufficiency as a main objective. They aim to reach it first. Before self-sufficiency is achieved, farmers do not produce for the market and they only start to market products once self-sufficiency is reached. The main products marketed at the beginning are first undertaken for self-sufficiency. The surplus is the only part of the production sold. The few products only marketed come from gathering. In addition, the products prices do not really influence the peasants' choices and the products sold generally show relatively weak work productivity.La the´orie e´conomique dominante attribue au marche´une fonction centrale. Ge´ne´ralement, les e´changes de biens permettent de maximiser le profit ou l'utilite´et cette logique entraıˆne les transformations sociales. L'exemple du Laos re´fute ces principes the´oriques. L'autosubsistance constitue un objectif premier pour les communaute´s rurales de Phongsaly. Elles mettent tout en oeuvre pour l'atteindre et, si tel n'est pas le cas, les foyers de paysans ne cherchent pas a`produire pour les marche´s. Ils ne s'inte´ressent a`la vente de leurs produits qu'une fois l'autosubsistance atteinte et les premiers biens commercialise´s proviennent de productions avant tout destine´es a`l'autoconsommation. Les ventes correspondent a`un exce´dent par rapport aux besoins de consommation du foyer. Les seuls produits uniquement commercialise´s sont issus de la cueillette. Par ailleurs, le prix des biens ne constitue pas un crite`re de choix de´terminant et, ge´ne´ralement, la productivite´du travail lie´e aux biens vendus est relativement faible.

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Section: Un Terrain Et Une Me´thode Pour Questionner La The´orie E´counclassified

La théorie économique confrontée aux transformations économiques d’une société rurale: le cas de la province de Phongsaly au Laos

Alary

2012

Eur J Dev Res

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“…Unlike former state interventions, the impacts of the policies of the last 15 years will probably last because the villages' environment has been disrupted by substantial migrations, whether forced, voluntary or induced (Bouté, 2011;Evrard and Goudineau, 2004;High, 2008;Vandergeest, 2003). Of 55 mostly Phounoy villages in the southwest of the Phôngsali district in the mid-1960s, only 40 remained by 2005, including eight that were displaced outside their former territory (cf.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…Village departures are a community-recognised fact facilitated, even encouraged, by the Phounoy diaspora outside Phôngsali district. Social bonds survive these departures; the migrant maintains contact and a place in his lineage or clan (Bouté, 2011). The tendency to depart is reinforced by schooling.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…The program did not, however, intend to punish the Phounoy, who represented an important human resource to the Pathet Lao army and to the local administration. It was presented to villagers along enthusiastic and paternalistic lines: the revolution would bring progress and prosperity, rewarding the people who supported the Pathet Lao (Bouté, 2011;Evrard, 1999). The villagers' recollections are more circumspect with hindsight.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the twentieth century, departures have tended towards the tertiary sector in Vientiane or northern Lao cities, particularly the army for young men, and more recently, the clothing industry or prostitution for young women (Bouté, 2011). Village departures are a community-recognised fact facilitated, even encouraged, by the Phounoy diaspora outside Phôngsali district.…”

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confidence: 99%

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En miroir du pouvoir. Les Phounoy du Nord Laos : ethnogenèse et dynamiques d'intégration

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

La théorie économique confrontée aux transformations économiques d’une société rurale: le cas de la province de Phongsaly au Laos

La théorie économique confrontée aux transformations économiques d’une société rurale: le cas de la province de Phongsaly au Laos

Lao State Formation in Phôngsali Villages: Rising Intervention in the Daily Household and Phounoy Reaction

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