Enabling Capacity Estimation With Ergodic Interference Power in Cellular-Based Multiple UAV Systems

Abstract

The integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into cellular networks as aerial user equipment (aUE) has attracted increasing interest from both academia and industry in recent years. To ensure stable uplink (UL) service performance, the potential UL capacity must be determined for a variety of communication techniques to guide the system design or to obtain an optimized solution. Unlike traditional interferences from ground UEs, which contribute to only local and nearby cells, UAV systems involve strong LoS paths to even far side base stations (BSs) due to higher altitude. As a result, intercell interference becomes the dominating factor in the estimation of the potential capacity. In this paper, we propose a theoretical model on the ergodic sum power of the interference arising from all UAVs maintaining LoS paths with the target BS. The solution to this model is difficult to obtain, and is essentially rooted in the dynamic trajectories of interfering UAVs within a vast geological range. To address this problem, we divide the model into noncorrelated parts, where each part contains the interfering UAVs that are independently and identically distributed (i.i.d.). Then we utilize the ergodic method to solve the interference power of each part. Based on this, the original nonanalytical expression for the ergodic sum interference power is transformed into a solvable integration problem, and the closed-form solution is successfully derived. Simulation based experiments are conducted on both rural macro (RMa) cell and urban macro (UMa) cell scenarios. The results validate the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed model, and confirm the severe influence of the intercell interference on the UL capacity. INDEX TERMS Unmanned aerial vehicles, cellular network, base station, uplink capacity , ergodic sum interference power.