Enabling strategies of electric vehicles for under frequency load shedding

Liu, Hui; Wang, Bin; Wang, Ni; Wu, Qiuwei; Yang, Yude; Wang, Hua; Li, Canbing

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.122

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It would be more interesting to integrate an EV battery degradation cost in future work. Moreover, more aspects related to home MG EMS can be investigated, such as demand response and energy trading in the community integrating an EV fleet for enhancing the overall operation of the community MG [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home Energy Management Considering Renewable Resources, Energy Storage, and an Electric Vehicle as a Backup

et al. 2022

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The vehicle-to-grid concept emerged very quickly after the integration of renewable energy resources because of their intermittency and to support the grid during on-peak periods, consequently preventing congestion and any subsequent grid instability. Renewable energies offer a large source of clean energy, but they are not controllable, as they depend on weather conditions. This problem is solved by adding energy storage elements, implementing a demand response through shiftable loads, and the vehicle-to-grid/vehicle-to-home technologies. Indeed, an electric vehicle is equipped with a high-capacity battery, which can be used to store a certain amount of energy and give it back again later when required to fulfill the electricity demand and prevent an energy shortage when the main-grid power is limited for security reasons. In this context, this paper presents a comparative study between two home microgrids, in one of which the concept of vehicle-to-home is integrated to provide a case study to demonstrate the interest of this technology at the home level. The considered microgrid is composed of renewable energy resources, battery energy storage, and is connected to the main grid. As the vehicle is not available all day, in order to have consistent results, its intervention is considered in the evening, night, and early morning hours. Two case studies are carried out. In the first one, the vehicle-to-home concept is not taken into account. In this case, the system depends only on renewable resources and the energy storage system. Subsequently, the electric vehicle is considered as an additional energy storage device over a few hours. Electric vehicle integration brings an economic contribution by reducing the cost, supporting the other MG components, and relieving the main grid. Simulation results using real weather data for two cities in France, namely Brest and Toulon, show the effectiveness of the vehicle-to-home concept in terms of cost, energy self-sufficiency, and continuity of electrical service.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home Energy Management Considering Renewable Resources, Energy Storage, and an Electric Vehicle as a Backup

et al. 2022

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“…e equation shows the relationship between the power output by a single wind turbine and the speed of wind. When the same model is selected for the wind power generator of the wind farm, the wind farm output can be expressed by equation (19).…”

Section: Concentrating Solar Power Plant Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e results show that distributing part of the profits to consumers as an incentive to participate in the program can increase the profits of the grid company. References [17][18][19] proposed using electric vehicles and battery energy storage to participate in response dispatches; the charging prices for electric cars were optimized; thus, the loads are adjusted, cooperation with the energy storage battery was utilized, and finally, the goal of maximizing profits was achieved. References [20,21] studied the ability of temperature-controlled loads to adjust the loads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Day-Ahead Scheduling for Renewable Energy Generation Systems considering Concentrating Solar Power Plants

Lü

Cheng

2021

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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With the advent of the new types of electrical systems that attach more importance to the renewability of the energy resource, issues arising out of the randomness and volatility of the renewable energy resource, such as the safety, reliability, and economic operation of the underlying power generation system, are expected to be challenging. Generally speaking, the power generation company can do a reasonable dispatch of each unit according to weather forecast and load demand information. Focusing on concentrating solar power (CSP) plants (wind power, photovoltaic, battery energy storage, and thermal power plants), this paper proposes a day-ahead scheduling model for renewable energy generation systems. The model also considers demand response and related generator set constraints. The problem is described as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem, which can be solved by the CPLEX solver to obtain an optimal solution. At the same time, the paper compares and analyzes the impact of concentrating solar power plants on other renewable energy generation and thermal power operation systems. The results show that the renewable energy generation system can lower power generation costs, reduce load fluctuation, and enhance the energy storage rate.

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“…The intermittent behavior of RES and stochastic nature of departure and arrival times of EVs pose a challenge to the power system. However, researchers are developing strategies to technically and economically optimize their combined operation [27,28]. In [29], an optimal design of an EV fast-charging station integrated with RES and ESS is proposed using Monte Carlo and Genetic Algorithm methods.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Intelligent Hybrid Energy Management System for a Smart House Considering Bidirectional Power Flow and Various EV Charging Techniques

et al. 2019

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Compelled by environmental and economic reasons and facilitated by modern technological advancements, the share of hybrid energy systems (HES) is increasing at modern smart house (SH) level. This work proposes an intelligent hybrid energy management system (IHEMS) for an SH connected to a power network that allows a bidirectional power flow. The SH has electrical and thermal power loops, and its main components include renewable energy from wind and photovoltaics, electric vehicle (EV), battery energy storage system, a fuel cell which serves as a micro-combined heat and power system, and a boiler. The proposed IHEMS models the components of the SH, defines their constraints, and develops an optimization model based on the real coded genetic algorithm. The key features of the developed IHEMS are highlighted under six simulation cases considering different configurations of the SH components. Moreover, the standard EV charging techniques are compared, and it is observed that the charging method which is flexible in timing and power injection to the EV is best suited for the economic operation of the SH. The simulation results reveal that the proposed IHEMS minimizes the 24-hour operational cost of the SH by optimally scheduling the energy resources and loads.

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Enabling strategies of electric vehicles for under frequency load shedding

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Home Energy Management Considering Renewable Resources, Energy Storage, and an Electric Vehicle as a Backup

Home Energy Management Considering Renewable Resources, Energy Storage, and an Electric Vehicle as a Backup

Day-Ahead Scheduling for Renewable Energy Generation Systems considering Concentrating Solar Power Plants

An Intelligent Hybrid Energy Management System for a Smart House Considering Bidirectional Power Flow and Various EV Charging Techniques

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