Enabling Technologies for Compact Integrated Electric Drives for Automotive Traction Applications

Chowdhury, Shajjad; Gurpinar, Emre; Su, Gui-Jia; Raminosoa, Tsarafidy; Burress, Timothy A.; Ozpineci, Burak

doi:10.1109/itec.2019.8790594

Cited by 58 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Therefore, WBG inverters, which have higher operating temperatures, are suitable for integration with the electrical machine. However, the proper cooling design of the integrated system remains important, as shown in recent studies [85].…”

Section: Classification Of Existing Cooling Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integrated motor drive (IMD) has emerged on the automotive powertrain market, and is rapidly evolving to become a key technology for compact and efficient motor drives [111]. Cooling technologies are being developed with integrated motor drives [85]. The recent literature has shown interest in WBG inverters for integrated solutions [112][113][114][115], in which air cooling can be applied for low-power motor drives.…”

Section: Other Promising Cooling Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Thorough Review of Cooling Concepts and Thermal Management Techniques for Automotive WBG Inverters: Topology, Technology and Integration Level

et al. 2021

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The development of electric vehicles (EVs) is an important step towards clean and green cities. An electric powertrain provides power to the vehicle and consists of a charger, a battery, an inverter, and a motor as the main components. Supplied by a battery pack, the automotive inverter manages the power of the motor. EVs require a highly efficient inverter, which satisfies low cost, size, and weight requirements. One approach to meeting these requirements is to use the new wide-bandgap (WBG) semiconductors, which are being widely investigated in the industry as an alternative to silicon switches. WBG devices have superior intrinsic properties, such as high thermal flux, of up to 120 W/cm2 (on average); junction temperature of 175–200 °C; blocking voltage limit of about 6.5 kV; switching frequency about 20-fold higher than that of Si; and up to 73% lower switching losses with a lower conduction voltage drop. This study presents a review of WBG-based inverter cooling systems to investigate trends in cooling techniques and changes associated with the use of WBG devices. The aim is to consider suitable cooling techniques for WBG inverters at different power levels.

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Section: Classification Of Existing Cooling Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Promising Cooling Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thorough Review of Cooling Concepts and Thermal Management Techniques for Automotive WBG Inverters: Topology, Technology and Integration Level

et al. 2021

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“…However, the efficiency decreases with the increase of the width of the magnetic bridge between the two V-shaped magnets [73]. The EMs of the Nissan Leaf and 2017 Toyota Prius adopt delta-shaped PM arrangements to increase the reluctance torque and improve the highspeed flux weakening operation [74]. In comparison with the V-shaped topology, the delta-shaped design has higher torque capability and efficiency in the constant torque region, but lower efficiency in the flux weakening region [75].…”

Section: B Pm Synchronous Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Approaches and Control Strategies for Energy-Efficient Electric Machines for Electric Vehicles—A Review

et al. 2020

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The market penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) is going to significantly increase in the next years and decades. However, EVs still present significant practical limitations in terms of mileage. Hence, the automotive industry is making important research efforts towards the progressive increase of battery energy density, reduction of battery charging time, and enhancement of electric powertrain efficiency. The electric machine is the main power loss contributor of an electric powertrain. This literature survey reviews the design and control methods to improve the energy efficiency of electric machines for EVs. The motor design requirements and specifications are described in terms of power density, efficiency along driving cycles, and cost, according to the targets set by the roadmaps of the main governmental agencies. The review discusses the stator and rotor design parameters, winding configurations, novel materials, construction technologies as well as control methods that are most influential on the power loss characteristics of typical traction machines. Moreover, the paper covers: i) driving cycle based design methods of traction motors, for energy consumption reduction in real operating conditions; and ii) novel machine topologies providing potential efficiency benefits. INDEX TERMS Electric machine, electric vehicle, efficiency, power loss, design parameters, control methods, driving cycle.

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“…In recent years, research and development of automotive electric traction machines has greatly intensified. Apart from high efficiency and low cost, a specific design target for these machines is high power density (i.e., power per volume) [1][2][3]. Aiming for high power density means maximizing the material utilization of the machine, which is essential to achieve cost-effective solutions for mass-production, and low package volumes that enables effective system packaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• high mechanical speed [3], by a high electric frequency, or high pole number [4] • high airgap flux density (i.e., magnetic loading), e.g., by using high energy magnets, or a field winding excitation, both in combination with core material with saturation at high flux density [5] • high current loading, or high current density, while simultaneously assuring a low thermal resistance between the winding and coolant…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic and Calorimetric Validation of a Direct Oil Cooled Tooth Coil Winding PM Machine for Traction Application

et al. 2020

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Tooth coil winding machines offer a low cost manufacturing process, high efficiency and high power density, making these attractive for traction applications. Using direct oil cooling in combination with tooth coil windings is an effective way of reaching higher power densities compared to an external cooling jacket. In this paper, the validation of the electromagnetic design for an automotive 600 V, 50 kW tooth coil winding traction machine is presented. The design process is a combination of an analytical sizing process and FEA optimization. It is shown that removing iron in the stator yoke for cooling channels does not affect electromagnetic performance significantly. In a previous publication, the machine is shown to be thermally capable of 25 A/mm 2 (105 Nm) continuously, and 35 A/mm 2 (140 Nm) during a 10 s peak with 6 l/min oil cooling. In this paper, inductance, torque and back EMF are measured and compared with FEA results showing very good agreement with the numerical design. Furthermore, the efficiency of the machine is validated by direct loss measurements, using a custom built calorimetric set-up in six operating points with an agreement within 0.9 units of percent between FEA and measured results.

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Enabling Technologies for Compact Integrated Electric Drives for Automotive Traction Applications

Cited by 58 publications

References 25 publications

A Thorough Review of Cooling Concepts and Thermal Management Techniques for Automotive WBG Inverters: Topology, Technology and Integration Level

A Thorough Review of Cooling Concepts and Thermal Management Techniques for Automotive WBG Inverters: Topology, Technology and Integration Level

Design Approaches and Control Strategies for Energy-Efficient Electric Machines for Electric Vehicles—A Review

Electromagnetic and Calorimetric Validation of a Direct Oil Cooled Tooth Coil Winding PM Machine for Traction Application

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