Encapsulation of LiFePO₄Nanoparticles into 3D Interpenetrating Ordered Mesoporous Carbon as a High-Performance Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries Exceeding Theoretical Capacity

Abstract

A nanocomposite cathode based on LiFePO 4 (LF) nanoparticles embedded 3D cubic ordered mesoporous carbon CMK-8 for lithium-ion batteries is synthesized by a facile impregnation method followed by further modification with carbon coating. The effects of variation of carbon contents on electrochemical performances of cathodes are investigated. The highly crystalline nanophase of LiFePO 4 particles is confirmed by X-ray diffraction and TEM analysis. Nitrogen adsorption−desorption isotherms reveal persistence mesoporosity after encapsulation of LiFePO 4 nanoparticles.

Insight into the Superior Lithium Storage Properties of Ultrafine CoO Nanoparticles Confined in a 3 D Bimodal Ordered Mesoporous Carbon CMK‐9 Anode

“…The corresponding surface capacitance and double layer capacitance are denoted as C s and C dl . The depressed semi‐circle is related to R s and R ct , whereas the tilted straight part decides the Warburg impedance ( Z w ), which is linked to lithium‐ion diffusion . The values of R e were calculated and found to be 7.5, 7.9, and 8.6 Ω, whereas the R ct values were 22.4, 33.3, and 38.9 Ω for CoO(10)@CMK‐9, CoO(20)@CMK‐9, and CoO(30)@CMK‐9, respectively.…”

“…To deduce the Li ion movements within the anodes, lithium diffusion coefficients are measured in accordance with Equation , …”

“…3–4.5 nm). Among these OMCs, CMK‐3, CMK‐5, and CMK‐8 are used extensively as hosts to synthesize metal oxide nanoparticle embedded nanocomposite electrodes for LIBs and SIBs and show improvement in electrochemical performances . However, OMCs have not been intensively investigated with CoO to prepare electrode materials.…”

Structure Design and Composition Engineering of Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials for Lithium Energy Storage

“…Additionally, the ordered mesoporous channels of CMK‐3 significantly shortened the transport path of ions and accommodate the volume changes of red P. In contrast, pure P and carbon‐coated red P suffered from large volume expansion during cycling. Saikia et al encapsulated LiFePO 4 nanoparticles into a 3D ordered mesoporous carbon CMK‐8 as the LIBs cathode . Nanostructured mesoporous carbon downsized the LiFePO 4 particles to improve the surface reactivity and reduces the diffusion path of Li + , and accommodated the volume change upon cycles.…”

Recent Developments of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for High‐Rate Lithium Ion Batteries

“…In addition to anodes, there are a large number of studies focusing on nano‐engineering of cathodes in order to improve the rate performance (or power density) of LIBs . Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ), as a representative cathode material with an olivine‐type structure, has stimulated research interests due to its reasonable gravimetric capacity (170 mAh g −1 ), and low toxicity . However, the sluggish electrochemical kinetics caused by restricted transport ability of electrons and lithium ions hinders its wide application.…”