Encounters with American Culture

Prescott, Peter; Prescott, Anne Lake

doi:10.4324/9781351311922

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, we also recorded the identity and abundance of each species in each plot using a modified Braun-Blanquet scale [ 49 ] and detailed results are in S1 File . Species that could not be identified in the field were treated as morphospecies and collected for identification using literature [ 50 , 51 , 52 ] and the public reference collections of the State Herbarium of South Australia. In each plot the canopy and understorey cover of the plot were estimated visually with reference to a canopy cover chart as the average of five estimates from five locations within the plot; the center and 5 m from the center in each major direction (north, south, east and west).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microhabitats and canopy cover moderate high summer temperatures in a fragmented Mediterranean landscape

Keppel

Anderson

Williams³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Extreme heat events will become more frequent under anthropogenic climate change, especially in Mediterranean ecosystems. Microhabitats can considerably moderate (buffer) the effects of extreme weather events and hence facilitate the persistence of some components of the biodiversity. We investigate the microclimatic moderation provided by two important microhabitats (cavities formed by the leaves of the grass-tree Xanthorrhoea semiplana F.Muell., Xanthorrhoeaceae; and inside the leaf-litter) during the summer of 2015/16 on the Fleurieu Peninsula of South Australia. We placed microsensors inside and outside these microhabitats, as well as above the ground below the forest canopy. Grass-tree and leaf-litter microhabitats significantly buffered against high temperatures and low relative humidity, compared to ground-below-canopy sensors. There was no significant difference between grass-tree and leaf-litter temperatures: in both microhabitats, daily temperature variation was reduced, day temperatures were 1–5°C cooler, night temperatures were 0.5–3°C warmer, and maximum temperatures were up to 14.4°C lower, compared to ground-below-canopy sensors. Grass-tree and leaf-litter microhabitats moderated heat increase at an average rate of 0.24°C temperature per 1°C increase of ambient temperature in the ground-below-canopy microhabitat. The average daily variation in temperature was determined by the type (grass-tree and leaf-litter versus ground-below-canopy) of microhabitat (explaining 67%), the amount of canopy cover and the area of the vegetation fragment (together explaining almost 10% of the variation). Greater canopy cover increased the amount of microclimatic moderation provided, especially in the leaf-litter. Our study highlights the importance of microhabitats in moderating macroclimatic conditions. However, this moderating effect is currently not considered in species distribution modelling under anthropogenic climate change nor in the management of vegetation. This shortcoming will have to be addressed to obtain realistic forecasts of future species distributions and to achieve effective management of biodiversity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microhabitats and canopy cover moderate high summer temperatures in a fragmented Mediterranean landscape

Keppel

Anderson

Williams³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Corticotherapy has been used in SARS-CoV-2 infections due to the anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic and vasoconstrictive effects, but also because of the risk to develop ARDS in severe COVID-19 cases. The APROCCHSS, ADRENAL and DEXA-ARDS trials showed that patients with septic shocks or ARDS that required vasopressor therapy and received small doses of hydrocortisone hemisuccinate had a shorter period of mechanical ventilation, lower 90-day mortality and faster resolution of the septic shock (48).…”

Section: Corticosteroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Options of Treatment in SARS-CoV-2 Infections

2021

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Starting December 2019, in China, the SARS-CoV-2 infection became a local health issue, but its high infectiveness quickly turned it into a pandemic, to be declared an epidemiological emergency of international concern less than two months from identifying the first cases. Despite tremendous efforts aimed at discovering new drug classes that would slow down or stop the evolution of the COVID-19 disease and curb the number of severe cases and related complications, there is no specific antiviral treatment to date. The only efficient measure proved to be the prophylaxis, through vaccination.

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“…Many have mistakenly asserted that we neglected the possibility of robot sentience or moral patiency (e.g. Gunkel, 2012;Prescott, 2017). This is wrong.…”

Section: The Principle Of Commoditisationmentioning

confidence: 99%