Endemic Typhus Fever in Native Rodents

History, Rats, Fleas, and Opossums: The Ascendency of Flea-Borne Typhus in the United States, 1910–1944

“…By 1938, Brigham and Dyer established that other native rodents were susceptible to FBT, including: mice in the genus Peromyscus, wood rat Neotoma floridana, cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus, rice rat Oryzomys palustris, and flying squirrel Glaucomys volans [123,124]. Although these rodents may not be directly consequential to human FBT, they help maintain the causative organisms in nature.…”

“…During the 1920s, Maxcy observed FBT in port cities of the southern Atlantic seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico and only an "occasional case from the interior of the country, that section has been for the most part strikingly free" [92]. However, by 1930, FBT was moving inland and from cities into rural areas [124]. Rats are notorious stowaways and rat migration (including their fleas) was facilitated by the burgeoning rail and road networks of the American South in the 1920s [56,128]; the number of paved roads in the South increased significantly after the initial impetus supplied by the Federal Highway Act of 1921, from 121,164 miles in 1921 to 209,880 by 1930 [129].…”

Οικογεωγραφική Μελέτη Του Ενδημικού Τύφου Και Των Μπαρτονελλώσεων Στην Κύπρο

“…(Freyche and Deutschman 1950;Marshall et al 1967;Traub et al 1978). Σε πολλά τέτοια, μη συμβιούντα με τον άνθρωπο ζώα (σχεδόν 20 είδη ελέγχθηκαν) έχει μεταδοθεί η ρικέτσια πειραματικά από μολυσμένους ψύλλους, όμως δεν έχει αποδειχθεί αν εμπλέκονται στον κύκλο μετάδοσης στη φύση (Lepine, P. 1934 (Dyer et al 1931;Brigham 1937;Brigham and Dyer 1938;Soliterman 1954;Traub et al 1978).…”