Endocrine Diseases

Rosenthal, Karen L.; Wyre, Nicole R.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6621-7.00007-5

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…2,12 Medical management, consisting of prednisolone (0.4 to 2.0 mg/kg [0.18 to 0.91 mg/lb], PO, q 12 h) 2 with or without adjunctive treatment with diazoxide (a nondiuretic benzothiadiazide), is often used as a first-line treatment. Among ferrets, partial pancreatectomy with concurrent nodulectomy is reported to be associated with increased survival times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constant rate infusion of glucagon as an emergency treatment for hypoglycemia in a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo)

Bennett

Gaunt²,

Parker³

2015

javma

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constant rate infusion of glucagon as an emergency treatment for hypoglycemia in a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo)

Bennett

Gaunt²,

Parker³

2015

javma

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“…21 Bone marrow suppression, pancytopenia, and nonregenerative anemia due to estrogen toxicity are rare in AAE-affected ferrets. 97,101 …”

Section: Adrenal Glandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,14,18,47,89 Transient episodes of diabetes mellitus were reported in ferrets surgically treated for insulinomas by nodulectomy or partial pancreatectomy. 75,101 Like other species, the sequelae of spontaneous diabetes in ferrets is diabetic ketoacidosis, a metabolic derangement that results in decreased survival. 75 …”

Section: Endocrine Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrinopathy and Aging in Ferrets

Bakthavatchalu¹,

Muthupalani²,

Marini³

et al. 2016

Veterinary Pathology

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Ferrets have become more popular as household pets and as animal models in biomedical research in the past 2 decades. The average life span of ferrets is about 5-11 years with onset of geriatric diseases between 3-4 years including endocrinopathies, neoplasia, gastrointestinal diseases, cardiomyopathy, splenomegaly, renal diseases, dental diseases, and cataract. Endocrinopathies are the most common noninfectious disease affecting middle-aged and older ferrets. Spontaneous neoplasms affecting the endocrine system of ferrets appear to be increasing in prevalence with a preponderance toward proliferative lesions in the adrenal cortex and pancreatic islet cells. Diet, gonadectomy, and genetics may predispose ferrets to an increased incidence of these endocrinopathies. These functional proliferative lesions cause hypersecretion of hormones that alter the physiology and metabolism of the affected ferrets resulting in a wide range of clinical manifestations. However, there is an apparent dearth of information available in the literature about the causal relationship between aging and neoplasia in ferrets. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the anatomy and physiology of endocrine organs, disease incidence, age at diagnosis, clinical signs, pathology, and molecular markers available for diagnosis of various endocrine disorders in ferrets.Keywords adrenal-associated endocrinopathy; adrenocortical neoplasm; aging; cysts; diabetes mellitus; endocrinopathies; endocrine tumors; estrogen-induced anemia; ferret; gonadectomy; insulinoma; islet cell tumor; multiple endocrine neoplasia; neuroblastoma; ovary; pancreatic polypeptidoma; parathyroid; pheochromocytoma; pituitary; review; teratoma; testis; thyroid The domestic ferret Mustela putorius furo, like the skunk, mink, weasel, stoat, otter, and badger, is a carnivorous mammal that belongs to the Mustelidae family. Ferrets were domesticated more than 2000 years ago and were primarily used for hunting rabbits and for fur production in Europe. Introduced in 1875, ferrets are considered companion animals in the United States. Approximately, 7-10 million ferrets are maintained as household pets in the United States. 3,36 In 1882, ferrets were introduced in New Zealand to control the Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Corresponding Author: J. G. Fox, Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. jgfox@mit.edu. Supplemental material for this article is available on the Veterinary Pathology website at http://vet.sagepub.com/supplemental. Declaration of Conflicting Interests:The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. HHS Public AccessAuthor manuscript Vet Pathol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 April 20. Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Manuscriptburgeoning European rabbit population are now considered feral animals and they play an important role in the t...

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“…Clinical signs and methods of diagnosis have been well described. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Approximately 70% of ferrets with this disease develop clinically important alopecia, and 30% have pruritus. Ninety percent of affected female ferrets have vulvar swelling.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical signs are related to increases in circulating concentrations of sex hormones produced by the abnormal adrenal tissue; glucocorticoid production is not typically affected in ferrets. 1,7,[10][11][12][13][14] Confirmation of hyperadrenocorticism can be achieved by performance of an adrenal gland androgen assay, which is available through the University of Tennessee. 7 This assay measures estradiol, androstenendione, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations in serum samples.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collateral circulation in ferrets (Mustela putorius) during temporary occlusion of the caudal vena cava

Calicchio¹,

Bennett

Laraio

et al. 2016

ajvr

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OBJECTIVE To determine whether extent of collateral circulation would change during temporary occlusion of the caudal vena cava (CVC) in ferrets (Mustela putorius), a pressure change would occur caudal to the occlusion, and differences would exist between the sexes with respect to those changes. ANIMALS 8 adult ferrets (4 castrated males and 4 spayed females). PROCEDURES Ferrets were anesthetized. A balloon occlusion catheter was introduced through a jugular vein, passed into the CVC by use of fluoroscopy, positioned cranial to the right renal vein, and inflated for 20 minutes. Venography was performed 5 and 15 minutes after occlusion. Pressure in the CVC caudal to the occlusion was measured continuously. A CBC, plasma biochemical analysis, and urinalysis were performed immediately after the procedure and 2 or 3 days later. RESULTS All 8 ferrets survived the procedure; no differences were apparent between the sexes. Vessels providing collateral circulation were identified in all ferrets, indicating blood flow to the paravertebral venous plexus. Complications observed prior to occlusion included atrial and ventricular premature contractions. Complications after occlusion included bradycardia, seizures, and extravasation of contrast medium. Mean baseline CVC pressure was 5.4 cm H2O. During occlusion, 6 ferrets had a moderate increase in CVC pressure (mean, 24.3 cm H2O) and 2 ferrets had a marked increase in CVC pressure to > 55.0 cm H2O. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Caval occlusion for 20 minutes was performed in healthy ferrets with minimal adverse effects noted within the follow-up period and no apparent differences between sexes. The CVC pressure during occlusion may be prognostic in ferrets undergoing surgical ligation of the CVC, which commonly occurs during adrenal tumor resection.

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Endocrine Diseases

Cited by 17 publications

References 72 publications

Constant rate infusion of glucagon as an emergency treatment for hypoglycemia in a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo)

Constant rate infusion of glucagon as an emergency treatment for hypoglycemia in a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo)

Endocrinopathy and Aging in Ferrets

Collateral circulation in ferrets (Mustela putorius) during temporary occlusion of the caudal vena cava

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