“…virescens and Apteronotus albifrons, females display higher EOD baseline frequencies than males (Hopkins, 1972;Hopkins, 1974;Dunlap et al, 1998), and the opposite is true in A. leptorhynchus (Dunlap et al, 1998). In addition, in several gymnotiform species from the Rhamphichthyidae, Hypopomidae and Sternopygidae families, individuals can alter their EOD waveforms reversibly within minutes to hours (Table1) (Silva et al, 1999;Franchina and Stoddard, 1998;Markham et al, 2009;Goldina, 2011). For instance, the EOD waveforms of B. gauderio are enhanced from day to night, following a circadian rhythm (Franchina and Stoddard, 1998;Stoddard et al, 2007).…”