Endocrinological and Pathological Effects of Anabolic-androgenic Steroid in Male Rats

Takahashi, Masato; Tatsugi, Yukitoshi; Kohno, Toshihiko

doi:10.1507/endocrj.51.425

Cited by 80 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…They speculated that both endogenous and exogenous testosterone or testosterone like substances were measured. (22,38) On the other hand, other study reported that low testosterone level was observed throughout AAS treatment due to negative feedback mechanism with reduced endogenous testosterone secretion. (39) Increased serum testosterone levels than control was also detected in exercise-trained group but less than those levels found in steroid and trained plus steroid groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Exercise Training and Anabolic Androgenic Steroids on Hemodynamics , Glycogen Content , Angiogenesis and Apoptosis of Cardiac Muscle in Adult Male Rats

Hassan¹,

Kamal²

2013

IJHS

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Abstract:Objectives: To investigate the effects of exercise training and anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) on hemodynamics, glycogen content, angiogenesis, apoptosis and histology of cardiac muscle.Methods: Forty rats were divided into 4 groups; control, steroid, exercise-trained and exercise-trained plus steroid groups. The exercise-trained and trained plus steroid groups, after one week of water adaptation, were exercised by jumping into water for 5 weeks. The steroid and trained plus steroid groups received nandrolone decanoate, for 5 weeks. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were monitored weekly. Heart weight / body weight ratio (HW/BW ratio) were determined. Serum testosterone, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cardiac caspase-3 activity and glycogen content were measured.Results: Compared with control, the steroid group had significantly higher blood pressure, HR, sympathetic nerve activity, testosterone level, HW/BW and cardiac caspase-3 activity. Histological examination revealed apoptotic changes and hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes. In exercise-trained group, cardiac glycogen, VEGF and testosterone levels were significantly higher while HR was significantly lower than control. HW/BW was more than control confirmed by hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes with angiogenesis on histological examination. Trained plus steroid group, had no change in HR, with higher blood pressure and HW/BW than control, cardiac glycogen and serum VEGF were higher than control but lower than exercisetrained group. Histological examination showed hypertrophy of cardiomyoctes with mild angiogenesis rather than apoptosis. Conclusion:When exercise is augmented with AAS, exercise-associated cardiac benefits may not be fully gained with potential cardiac risk from AAS if used alone or combined with exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Exercise Training and Anabolic Androgenic Steroids on Hemodynamics , Glycogen Content , Angiogenesis and Apoptosis of Cardiac Muscle in Adult Male Rats

Hassan¹,

Kamal²

2013

IJHS

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“…However, some studies report normal glucose metabolism when high anabolic-androgenic steroids doses are used in rats. Thus, the effect of high doses of anabolic-androgenic steroids on glucose metabolism remains controversial (Hislop et al 1999, Takahashi et al 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nandrolone decanoate inhibits gluconeogenesis and decreases fasting glucose in Wistar male rats

Frankenfeld¹,

Oliveira²,

Ignacio³

et al. 2014

Journal of Endocrinology

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The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids to improve physical performance or appearance has increased notably. The doses used are 10-to 100-fold higher than the therapeutic dose (TD), and this abuse can cause several side effects. Glucose metabolism is significantly affected by anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse, but studies about glycemic regulation during fasting are scarce. There are some evidences showing that testosterone can antagonize glucocorticoids action, which are crucial to glucose production during fasting. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of supraphysiological doses (SDs) of nandrolone decanoate (DECA) on rat glucose metabolism during fasting. Male Wistar rats were treated with i.m. injections of vehicle, a low TD (0.016 mg/100 g b.w.-TD group) or a high SD (1 mg/100 g b.w.-SD group) of DECA, once a week for 8 weeks. After 12 h fasting, we evaluated glucose and pyruvate tolerance tests, liver glycogen content, serum levels of gluconeogenic substrates, insulin and corticosterone, glucose uptake and hexokinase (HK) activity in skeletal muscle, and the adrenal catecholamine content. SD group had increased serum insulin levels and a blunted response to insulin regarding glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Fasting serum glucose decreased significantly in SD group, as well as the pyruvate tolerance test and liver glycogen content. Moreover, serum levels of glycerol were increased in SD group. Our data indicate that SDs of DECA exert effects on different regulatory points of glucose metabolism, resulting in defective gluconeogenesis and decreased skeletal muscle glucose uptake in response to insulin.

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“…Moreover, treatment with relatively high doses of nandrolone leads into decrease of sperm number, sperm motility and change of its morphology. 23 Our results showed significant decrease in sperm concentration which could be due to the exposure to AAS which have effects on the interruption in normal testosterone production which might cause disturbance in regulation of spermatogenesis and eventually leads to decrease in sperm count. 24,25 Other reasons for diminution of sperm concentration may be due to the apoptosis of germ cells, disarranged intratubular cells, destruction of the seminiferous tubules, these demonstrated by AlDomery 20 who examined a histological section of rat testes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Nandrolone effects on men’s semen parameters in Erbil city

Sharef¹,

Tawfeeq²,

Rasoul³

2017

ZJMS

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IntroductionThe anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are a family of hormones that includes the natural male hormone testosterone, together with its many synthetic relatives, all of which exhibit both anabolic ("muscle building") and androgenic ("masculinizing") properties.1,2 Reports indicate that Anabolic androgenic steroids abuse impacts upon several hormone systems like the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), hypothalamic pituitary-thyroid (HPT) and hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal (HPG) axes. 3 The administration of high doses of exogenous androgens in men has been reported to result in decreased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) through negative impact on the hypothalamicpituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis with reduced endogenous testosterone production leading to decreased spermatogenesis, reduced semen density, testicular atrophy and abnormal sperm morphology attributing to infertility. 4 Some authors have reported that AAS decreased density, motility and normal morphology of sperm, 5 even low doses of AASs decrease sperm Background and objective: Anabolic androgenic steroids are synthetic compounds based on the structure of testosterone, and are used to treat various conditions such as reproductive system dysfunction. High doses of anabolic androgenic steroids and exercise influence the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis, which can, in turn, affect testicular apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the influence of anabolic androgenic steroids on semen parameters in bodybuilders (heavy exercise) in Erbil city. Methods: Semen specimens and serum were collected from 150 which divided into three groups; each consists of 50 men. The control group (A) didn't practice exercise so didn't receive nandrolone. The exercise group (B) who practice daily without taking nandrolone. The exercise and treated group (C) who practice exercise and had been using nandrolone (200 mg-wk -1 , intramuscularly) for at least three months. Smear prepared by methyline blue stain and assessment of semen volume, sperm morphology, sperm concentration ,motility were carried out .Serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone were also carried out. Results: There was no difference in the semen volume within three groups. Sperm concentration and the percentage of sperm motility in the group C was significantly lower (P <0.001) than that in the other groups. A significantly increased percentage of sperm with the tapered head was found in the group C. Our results also demonstrated a significant decrease in testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone in the group C compared to group A and B. Conclusion: Users of anabolic-androgenic steroids have sperm with abnormal shape, especially tapered head, and low concentration of sperm with sluggish motility attributing to infertility.

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Endocrinological and Pathological Effects of Anabolic-androgenic Steroid in Male Rats

Cited by 80 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of Exercise Training and Anabolic Androgenic Steroids on Hemodynamics , Glycogen Content , Angiogenesis and Apoptosis of Cardiac Muscle in Adult Male Rats

Effect of Exercise Training and Anabolic Androgenic Steroids on Hemodynamics , Glycogen Content , Angiogenesis and Apoptosis of Cardiac Muscle in Adult Male Rats

Nandrolone decanoate inhibits gluconeogenesis and decreases fasting glucose in Wistar male rats

Nandrolone effects on men’s semen parameters in Erbil city

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