Endogenous and non‐endogenous depressions: Relations to life events, dysfunctional attitudes and event perceptions

Robins, Clive J.; Block, Paul; Peselow, Eric D.

doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1990.tb00870.x

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Simple frequencies of the event were calculated. In addition, event percep-tions were ascertained through a modified version of the perception of events questionnaire (14,15). Individuals were asked to rate on a scale of 1-7 how upsetting the event(s) were, and how much social support they both desired and received for the event.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antecedent life events, social supports and response to antidepressants in depressed patients

Tomaszewska

Peselow

Barouche

et al. 1996

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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We evaluated 355 subjects who entered one of six double-blind placebo-controlled antidepressant drug trials with respect to the occurrence of antecedent adverse life events and their meaning to the patient. Patients were also assessed with regard to the degree of social support they received for the negative life event. The groups differed as to whether they did or did not meet the criteria for melancholic depression; 43 one-week placebo responders were statistically significantly more likely to believe that adverse life events predisposed them to depressive illness and that such life events precipitated their current depression, compared to 312 one-week placebo non-responders. Of the 312 patients who went on to the double-blind phase in which they were treated with either drug (n = 204) or placebo (n = 108), it was noted that, for both melancholic and non-melancholic patients, responders to drug treatment (but not placebo) had a more favourable ratio of social support received/social support desired than non-responders. Non-melancholic responders to both drug and placebo were statistically significantly more likely to report fewer adverse life events and have a less strong belief that adverse life events predispose one to depressive illness than non-responders. Melancholic patients did not show this trend.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antecedent life events, social supports and response to antidepressants in depressed patients

Tomaszewska

Peselow

Barouche

et al. 1996

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…It has been suggested by Coyne and Gotlib [22] that attributions about bad actual events are more closely tied to depressive symptoms as op posed to attributions about hypothetical events. Indeed, studies in the literature sug gest a greater frequency of recent stressful life events in the nonendogenous/nonmelancholic patient versus the endogenous/melan cholic patient [ 19.26.27], Our group [24] also noted that RDC endogenous patients had sig nificantly less recent negative life events than RDC nonendogenous patients. Thus, the cndogenous/melancholic patient may be looking at the ASQ as a hypothetical situation whereas the nonendogenous/nonmclancholic patient may be more likely responding to a real situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…Though most studies have supported the concept of a depressive attributional style in comparison with other psychiatric groups and/or controls [19][20][21], there have been some that do not [22.23], One reason for the discrepancy might be due to the fact that depression is a heterogeneous entity where one might make distinctions between the biologically hypothe sized endogenous and nonendogenous group whose depressions are thought to occur in response to life situations, perhaps in individ uals with preexisting deviant personality traits [24], To date, there are 3 studies that examined the relationship between attributional style and the endogenous/melancholic versus noncndogcnous/nonmelancholic distinction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive Attributional Style and the Dexamethasone Suppression Test: Relationship to the Endogenous/Melancholic Distinction and to Each Other

Peselow

Fieve

1992

Psychopathology

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The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and the depressive attributional style questionnaire (ASQ) were administered to 105 depressed patients prior to participation in a double-blind outpatient study and to 29 normal controls. The depressed patients were classified into three groups (1) met criteria for both research diagnostic criteria for definite endogenous depression and DSM III melancholia; (2) met criteria for neither, and (3) met criteria for one but not both. The group that met criteria for both RDC endogenous depression and DSM-III melancholia had a statistically greater frequency of abnormal DST versus the group that met neither criteria and the normal controls. With regard to ASQ, patients who met both criteria had statistically higher bad event internality scores but statistically lower bad event stability and globality scores as opposed to the group that met neither criteria. In general, normal controls had significantly lower bad event ASQ scores than the three depressive groups. There was no correlation between ASQ and DST, as both DST suppressors and nonsuppressors had similar ASQ scores and there was no correlation between ASQ bad event attributions and initial severity of depression.

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“…DAS-A is a reliable instrument, which has been used in several studies to measure depression type and severity and post-treatment change of cognitive impairments (26,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between dysfunctional attitudes, rumination response styles and depression

Şenormancı¹,

Konkan²,

Güçlü³

et al. 2013

Dusunen Adam

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The relationship between dysfunctional attitudes, rumination response styles and depressionObjective: In our study we aimed to investigate the relationship between rumination response styles, dysfunctional attitudes and depression. Methods: 60 patients diagnosed with depression according to the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria in the Bakirkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery outpatient clinics are involved in our study. All participants were administered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS) and Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS-short version). Results: In our study, there was mild-moderate negative correlation between depression and the perfectionist attitudes, need for approval, independent attitudes subscores. The RRS-short version brooding subscore was highly positively correlated with depression. Depression and RRS-short version reflecting score was moderately and positively correlated. As predictors of depression, high subscores of RRS-short version brooding and RRS-short version reflected increased risk for depression, whereas high subscores of DAS perfectionist attitudes are evaluated to be protective for depression. Conclusions: In our study, in contrast to the literature, it was shown that dysfunctional attitudes are not positively correlated with depression nor are they predictors of depression. However, it may not be appropriate to make such comment based on a single study. Factors that can lead to this conclusion are discussed in the study. On the other hand, our study emphasizes the key role of rumination in depression. In practice of cognitive behavioral therapy of which efficacy in treatment of patients with depression has been know, assessment of ruminative responses, treatment techniques for reducing ruminative responses should be targeted. Key words: Brooding, depression, dysfunctional attitudes, reflecting, rumination ÖZET Ruminatif yanıt biçimi ve fonksiyonel olmayan tutumların majör depresyonla ilişkisiAmaç: Araştırmamızda, majör depresyon (M.depresyon) hastalarında depresyon ile ruminatif yanıt biçimi ve fonksiyonel olmayan tutumların ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntem: Araştırmaya, Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi ayakta tedavi birimlerine başvuran, DSM-IV-TR ölçütlerine göre unipolar depresyon tanısı konulan 60 hasta dahil edildi. Katılımcılar sosyodemografik veri formu, DSM-IV Eksen Bir Tanıları İçin Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme (SCID-I), Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE), Fonksiyonel Olmayan Tutumlar Ölçeği (FOTÖ-A), Kısa Form-Ruminasyon Ölçeği (KF-RÖ) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Araştırmamızda, depresyon ile FOTÖ-A mükemmelci tutum puanı, onay görme ihtiyacı, bağımsız tutum puanları arasında negatif yönde, zayıf-orta düzeyde, anlamlı bir ilişki vardı. Depresyon ile KF-RÖ saplantılı düşünme (brooding) puanları arasında pozitif yönde, iy...

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Endogenous and non‐endogenous depressions: Relations to life events, dysfunctional attitudes and event perceptions

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Antecedent life events, social supports and response to antidepressants in depressed patients

Antecedent life events, social supports and response to antidepressants in depressed patients

Depressive Attributional Style and the Dexamethasone Suppression Test: Relationship to the Endogenous/Melancholic Distinction and to Each Other

The relationship between dysfunctional attitudes, rumination response styles and depression

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