Endogenous expression of c-Fos in hypothalamic nuclei of neonatal rabbits coincides with their circadian pattern of suckling-associated arousal

Allingham, Karl; Saldern, Clemens von; Brennan, Peter; Distel, Hans; Hudson, Robyn

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01379-6

Cited by 41 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…2) there was no difference in the number of c-Fos-IR cells at F-ZT0 between RF group and the 22F group, but after feeding at F-ZT2, there was a significant difference in the number of c-Fos-IR cells between RF and 22F-R [rostral F (1,8) In the PBN, in both lateral and medial, RF rats showed an increase in c-Fos-IR at ZT2 and ZT6 in response to feeding (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food entrainment modifies the c-Fos expression pattern in brain stem nuclei of rats

Ángeles-Castellanos¹,

Mendoza²,

Dı́az-Muñoz³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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When food is restricted to a few hours daily, animals increase their locomotor activity 2-3 h before food access, which has been termed food anticipatory activity. Food entrainment has been linked to the expression of a circadian food-entrained oscillator (FEO) and the anatomic substrate of this oscillator seems to depend on diverse neural systems and peripheral organs. Previously, we have described a differential involvement of hypothalamic nuclei in the food-entrained process. For the food entrainment pathway, the communication between the gastrointestinal system and central nervous system is essential. The visceral synaptic input to the brain stem arrives at the dorsal vagal complex and is transmitted directly from the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) or via the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) to hypothalamic nuclei and other areas of the forebrain. The present study aims to characterize the response of brain stem structures in food entrainment. The expression of c-Fos immunoreactivity (c-Fos-IR) was used to identify neuronal activation. Present data show an increased c-Fos-IR following meal time in all brain stem nuclei studied. Food-entrained temporal patterns did not persist under fasting conditions, indicating a direct dependence on feeding-elicited signals for this activation. Because NST and PBN exhibited a different and increased response from that expected after a regular meal, we suggest that food entrainment promotes ingestive adaptations that lead to a modified activation in these brain stem nuclei, e.g., stomach distension. Neural information provided by these nuclei to the brain may provide the essential entraining signal for FEO. circadian rhythms; food-entrained oscillator; food anticipatory activity, WHEN FOOD IS RESTRICTED to a few hours daily, animals exhibit food anticipatory activity (FAA), characterized by behavioral arousal and locomotor activation 2-3 h preceding food access (27,34). Corticosterone, free fatty acids, and core temperature shift their phase, anticipating the daily meal (13,16,21). Recent findings indicate that the oscillation of clock gene expression and of neuronal activity (23) in central oscillators outside the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), as well as the oscillation of clock gene expression in peripheral tissues, are entrained by feeding schedules (38,40).It is well accepted that food entrainment depends upon a circadian oscillator independent of the SCN because food entrainment is elicited in animals with bilateral lesions of the SCN (35), because it can only be elicited when food is provided in a circadian range and because FAA persists for several cycles during constant fasting conditions (34). It has been suggested that this food-entrained oscillator (FEO) may consist of a distributed and possibly redundant system built up by diverse central nervous system (CNS) structures and peripheral organs involved with the processing and regulation of ingestive behavior and energy balance (24,34). To characterize this model of FEO, we must identify which structures mediate th...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3). There was no difference in the number of c-Fos-IR cells between F-ZT0 of RF group and the 22F group, and after meal time at F-ZT2, both PBN regions in the RF group were different from the 22F-R group [medial, F (1,8) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food entrainment modifies the c-Fos expression pattern in brain stem nuclei of rats

Ángeles-Castellanos¹,

Mendoza²,

Dı́az-Muñoz³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Various stimuli induced by the mother at nursing (tactile, thermal, nipple-pheromone…), might be able to trigger different, and possibly independent, cascades of neural and metabolic events, thus also acting as chronometers. Physiological changes associated with milk ingestion (humoral and metabolic factors associated with digestion) might act as chronometers and are likely to influence hypothalamic activity, providing a discrete timing signal [46]. A two-day long maternal deprivation in young rabbits influences differently neuro-endocrine responses both in the adrenal and the ovarian axes [47].…”

Section: Trial 2: Effect Of Biostimulation On Certain Digestive Morpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A two-day long maternal deprivation in young rabbits influences differently neuro-endocrine responses both in the adrenal and the ovarian axes [47]. Although the diurnal pattern of young rabbit activity continues even if a nursing visit is omitted [46], a doe-litter separation could influence the pituitary pattern of secretion in 11-dayold lactating rabbits [48], probably also affecting the enzymatic activity circadian rhythm [49], even in 16 and 21-day-old rabbits.…”

Section: Trial 2: Effect Of Biostimulation On Certain Digestive Morpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transitory disturbances in growing lactating rabbits after transient doe-litter separation

et al. 2004

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-To determine the effect of a transient doe-litter separation (48 h) on milk production and feed intake from 1 to 21 days post-partum, a control group (C) in which litters had free access to nursing, and a biostimulated group (B) in which litters were separated from their does from d 9 to d 11 post-partum were used. Total milk production was higher in (C) than in (B) does (5090 ± 1.1 g vs. 4593 ± 150 g, P < 0.05). On days 12, 13, 14 and 15 of the lactation period, milk production was 40% (P < 0.0001), 18% (P < 0.05), 15% (P < 0.05), and 15% (P < 0.01) higher in (C) than in (B), respectively. No significant differences were observed in feed intake during the period studied (7961 ± 352 g in (C) does, and 7834 ± 329 g in (B) does). After fasting, 11-day-old kits showed lower gut weight, body weight, empty stomach relative weight (RW), stomach content RW and small intestine RW (P < 0.05), but the differences disappeared at 21 days of age. A reduction in villous height (P < 0.065) was observed in separated kits at 11 days old compared to 9-and 11-day-old control kits (579.0 ± 28.4 vs. 664.64 ± 27.6, and 724.33 ± 24.1 µm, respectively), but no differences were observed at either 16 or 21 days of age. Specific jejunal lactase activity increased significantly in 11-day-old separated kits (P < 0.05). A significant increase in sucrase activity at 21 days in both groups (P < 0.05) was detected. In conclusion, a fasting period of 48 h at 9 days of age does not compromise the subsequent development of certain digestive parameters of young rabbits.doe-litter separation / enzyme activities / milk production / villi height

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“…However, we still know very little about the neural regulation of the newborn rabbit's circadian system (but see Allingham et al, 1998;Caba et al, 2008). As part of an on-going program investigating this we recently reported diurnal patterns in the expression of the clock genes Per1, Per2, Cry1, and Bmal1 in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus (SCN; the main circadian pacemaker in mammals) (Caldelas et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous clock gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of previsual newborn rabbits is entrained by nursing

Caldelas

González

Montúfar-Chaveznava

et al. 2008

Developmental Neurobiology

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ABSTRACT:The rabbit is particularly suitable for investigating the development of mammalian circadian function. Blind at birth, the pups are only visited by the mother to be nursed once every 24 h for about 3 min and so can be studied largely without maternal interference. They anticipate the mother's visit with increased behavioral arousal and with a rise in body temperature, both of which represent endogenous circadian rhythms. We now report that in newborn pups the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus (SCN; the main circadian pacemaker in mammals) show endogenous 24-h rhythmicity in the expression of the clock genes Per1, Per2, and Bmal1. Pups nursed from postnatal days 1 to 7 and fasted to day 9 showed the same rhythms of clock gene expression as normally nursed controls. We also report that these rhythms are entrained by nursing.Pups killed on postnatal days 3-4 showed the same rhythms in gene expression as pups in the previous experiment, whereas littermates subsequently nursed from postnatal days 4 to 7 with nursing delayed 6 h showed a corresponding shift in the diurnal pattern of clock gene expression. Consistent with this, two groups of pups implanted with telemetric thermal sensors and nursed 6 h apart had daily patterns in body temperature synchronized with the two different nursing times. We conclude that the expression of clock genes associated with the newborn rabbit's circadian system is entrained by nonphotic cues accompanying nursing, the exact nature of which now needs to be clarified. '

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Endogenous expression of c-Fos in hypothalamic nuclei of neonatal rabbits coincides with their circadian pattern of suckling-associated arousal

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

Food entrainment modifies the c-Fos expression pattern in brain stem nuclei of rats

Food entrainment modifies the c-Fos expression pattern in brain stem nuclei of rats

Transitory disturbances in growing lactating rabbits after transient doe-litter separation

Endogenous clock gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of previsual newborn rabbits is entrained by nursing

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