Endometrial Cancer: Hormonal Factors, the Perimenopausal “Window of Risk,” and Isoflavones

Hale, GE; Hughes, Claude L.; Cline, J. Mark

doi:10.1210/jcem.87.1.8132

Cited by 51 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 203 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Estrogen-related mechanisms that have been proposed include competitive binding with estrogen receptors (ERs), resulting in an overall anti-estrogenic effect when estrogen concentrations are high because of the weak estrogenic potency of phytoestrogens as compared to estradiol; inhibition of aromatase (the enzyme responsible for the peripheral conversion of androgens into estrogens); and stimulation of the production of SHBG, resulting in reduced circulating free estradiol. [1][2][3][4][5] Phytoestrogens have also been reported to have antioxidant and antiproliferative properties which provide additional pathways through which they may reduce cancer risk. 6,7 The 2 main groups of phytoestrogens found in humans, the isoflavonoids and the lignans, are formed in the intestinal tract by transformation of plant precursors (isoflavone glycosides and plant lignans) by the microflora.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating enterolactone and risk of endometrial cancer

Zeleniuch‐Jacquotte

Lundin

Micheli

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been suggested that phytoestrogens protect against hormone-dependent cancers. Lignans are the main class of phytoestrogens in Western diets. We conducted a prospective study of endometrial cancer and circulating levels of the main human lignan, enterolactone. The design was a case-control study nested within 3 prospective cohort studies, in New York, Sweden and Italy. Serum or plasma samples had been collected at enrollment and stored at 280°C. A total of 153 cases, diagnosed a median of 5.3 years after blood donation, and 271 matched controls were included. No difference in circulating enterolactone was observed between cases (median, 19.2 nmol/L) and controls (18.5 nmol/L). Adjusting for body mass index, the odds ratio for the top tertile of enterolactone, as compared to the lowest was 1.2 (95% CI, 0.7-2.0; p for trend 5 0.53). Lack of association was observed in both pre-and postmenopausal women. No correlation was observed between enterolactone and circulating estrogens or SHBG in healthy postmenopausal women. These results do not support a protective role of circulating lignans, in the range of levels observed, against endometrial cancer. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: endometrial cancer; prospective study; nested casecontrol study; enterolactone; lignan; phytoestrogen It has been suggested that phytoestrogens (estrogenic compounds of plant origin) protect against hormone-dependent cancers. Estrogen-related mechanisms that have been proposed include competitive binding with estrogen receptors (ERs), resulting in an overall anti-estrogenic effect when estrogen concentrations are high because of the weak estrogenic potency of phytoestrogens as compared to estradiol; inhibition of aromatase (the enzyme responsible for the peripheral conversion of androgens into estrogens); and stimulation of the production of SHBG, resulting in reduced circulating free estradiol. [1][2][3][4][5] Phytoestrogens have also been reported to have antioxidant and antiproliferative properties which provide additional pathways through which they may reduce cancer risk. 6,7 The 2 main groups of phytoestrogens found in humans, the isoflavonoids and the lignans, are formed in the intestinal tract by transformation of plant precursors (isoflavone glycosides and plant lignans) by the microflora. Soy and soy products are the main sources of isoflavones, whereas lignans are found in oilseeds, in particular flaxseed, whole grain products, nuts, berries, legumes and some vegetables and fruits. 6,[8][9][10] Historically, lignans have been the main group of phytoestrogens in Western-type diets.Endometrial cancer is of particular interest when studying exposures thought to act through estrogen-related mechanisms because of the strong, direct association of both exogenous estrogens, such as estrogen replacement therapy, 11 and endogenous estrogens 12,13 with risk. We measured circulating enterolactone levels in subjects from a case-control study of endometrial cancer nested within 3 cohorts, the New York University Women's Health Study (...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating enterolactone and risk of endometrial cancer

Zeleniuch‐Jacquotte

Lundin

Micheli

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Menstrual factors, such as early menarche and late menopause, and nulliparity are thought to increase cumulative estrogen exposure by increasing a woman's total lifetime number of menstrual cycles. Even in polycystic ovary disease, which is characterized by virilization, it is postulated that chronically elevated luteinizing hormone levels promote increased androstenedione production by the ovary, which in turn is converted to estrone in peripheral tissue stores [53]. Most endometrioid carcinomas are associated with endometrial hyperplasia, are estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positive, p53 negative and express low Ki-67.…”

Section: Effect Of 'Estrogens' On Endometrial Neoplasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effects on Female Human Reproductive Health from Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors: Focus on Endometrial Lesions

Karoutsou¹,

Karoutsos²,

Karoutsos³

2016

J Clin Epigenet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is currently apparent that the intentional release of compounds through agricultural, industrial, and municipal activities has influenced the health of wildlife and human populations. Scientists are invited to study disturbances in the normal function of the reproductive system of genetically modified populations. When referring to a population, they rather use the term control or reference; the reason is an enormous rate of information concerning the endocrine-altering potential of plasticizers and dyes, as well as the possible influences of pesticides and industrial compounds on various endocrine endpoints, particularly regarding the concentration of estrogens. Here in, we provide an overview on the impact of chemical substances on female human reproductive health.

show abstract

“…Tanto a produção de C3 como a atividade da fosfatase alcalina são efeitos conhecidos de estimulação estrogênica. Esses estudos sugerem que os FE possam atuar como agonistas, embora estudos em humanos sejam necessários para elucidar sua ação no endométrio (29).…”

Section: Ação De Isoflavonas Em Células Endometriaisunclassified

“…Daí o interesse na dieta asiática como possível fator protetor. A dieta asiática é bem mais rica em fibras e em vegetais e pobre em gordura em relação a ocidental e isto inclui o consumo de vários produtos de soja (29).…”

Section: Efeitos Em Câncer Estrogênio Dependenteunclassified

“…Em humanos, uma dieta rica em isoflavonas ou outros suplementos em mulheres menopausadas, não aumenta a espessura do endométrio ao ultra-som, mas os estudos em animais, mostram resultados contraditórios, havendo em alguns, com o uso de altas doses, efeitos proliferativos semelhantes aos dos estrogênios (29). Na literatura, há a descrição recente do caso de uma mulher na qual foi diagnosticado adenocarcinoma de endométrio grau 1, cuja história era notável pelo uso excessivo, nos 4 anos anteriores, de vários tipos de FE como suplementos (96).…”

Section: Efeitos Em Câncer Estrogênio Dependenteunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fitoestrogênios: posicionamento do Departamento de Endocrinologia Feminina da Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia (SBEM)

Clapauch

Meirelles

Julião

et al. 2002

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Para avaliar a utilidade dos fitoestrogênios (FE) na terapia de reposição hormonal da menopausa (TRHM), o Departamento de Endocrinologia Feminina da SBEM reuniu um grupo de especialistas para fazer uma revisão bibliográfica e selecionar trabalhos nos quais a metodologia adotada demonstrasse rigor científico. Os FE têm ações estrogênicas e antiestrogênicas, predominantemente sobre os receptores de estrogênios (E) beta, com potência estrogênica muito inferior à do estradiol. O conteúdo de FE nas suas fontes vegetais é variável, dependendo da forma de cultivo, safra, armazenamento e industrialização. Também a conversão dos precursores em fitormônios ativos no organismo humano tem grande variabilidade individual. A maior parte das pesquisas com FE é realizada in vitro ou com animais de laboratório, nem sempre podendo ser extrapoladas para humanos. Com relação à síndrome do climatério, alguns estudos sugerem discreta melhora dos fogachos, sem modificação do ressecamento vaginal ou das alterações do humor. No metabolismo lipídico, alimentação rica em soja, mas não isoflavonas isoladamente, promove redução do colesterol total, do LDL-col e dos triglicerídeos, mas não elevam o HDL-col, como os E, e podem causar aumento da lipoproteína (a), que os E contribuem para diminuir. Embora alguns estudos de curta duração sugiram aumento da densidade mineral óssea com uso de isoflavonas, não há demonstração de redução de fraturas. Conclui-se que não há evidências convincentes que justifiquem o uso de FE ou alimentação rica em soja como alternativa para a TRHM.

show abstract

Endometrial Cancer: Hormonal Factors, the Perimenopausal “Window of Risk,” and Isoflavones

Cited by 51 publications

References 203 publications

Circulating enterolactone and risk of endometrial cancer

Circulating enterolactone and risk of endometrial cancer

Adverse Effects on Female Human Reproductive Health from Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors: Focus on Endometrial Lesions

Fitoestrogênios: posicionamento do Departamento de Endocrinologia Feminina da Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia (SBEM)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About