Endomycorrhizal and rhizobial symbiosis: How much do they share?

Manchanda, Geetanjali; Garg, Neera

doi:10.1080/17429140701558000

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(124 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These findings provide good support for the hypothesis that in infection processes in the symbioses between plant roots and two different microorganisms, i.e. AM fungi and rhizobial bacteria, similar signal perception and transduction cascades initiate mycorrhization and nodulation (Parniske, 2004;Manchanda and Garg, 2007).…”

Section: The Symbiotic Interface and Nutrient Transfersupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Arbuscules, specific 'little-treeshaped' fungal structures, serve as the main sites of nutrient exchange between the plant and the fungus (He and Nara, 2007). They are branched, microscopic haustorial structures of the fungal symbiont that form within living cortical cells of the root (Manchanda and Garg, 2007). This structure is common to all associations of this type of mycorrhiza (Franken et al, 2007).…”

Section: A Journey Through Mycorrhizal Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Arbuscular mycorrhizal networks: process and functions. A review

Garg

Chandel

2010

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

Self Cite

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-An unprecedented, rapid change in environmental conditions is being observed, which invariably overrules the adaptive capacity of land plants. These environmental changes mainly originate from anthropogenic activities, which have aggravated air and soil pollution, acid precipitation, soil degradation, salinity, contamination of natural and agro-ecosystems with heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), global climate change, etc. The restoration of degraded natural habitats using sustainable, low-input cropping systems with the aim of maximizing yields of crop plants is the need of the hour. Thus, incorporation of the natural roles of beneficial microorganisms in maintaining soil fertility and plant productivity is gaining importance and may be an important approach. Symbiotic association of the majority of crop plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi plays a central role in many microbiological and ecological processes. In mycorrhizal associations, the fungal partner assists its plant host in phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) uptake and also some of the relatively immobile trace elements such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe). AM fungi also benefit plants by increasing water uptake, plant resistance and biocontrol of phytopathogens, adaptation to a variety of environmental stresses such as drought, heat, salinity, heavy metal contamination, production of growth hormones and certain enzymes, and even in the uptake of radioactive elements. The establishment of symbiotic association usually involves mutual recognition and a high degree of coordination at the morphological and physiological level, which requires a continuous cellular and molecular dialogue between both the partners. This has led to the identification of the genes, signal transduction pathways and the chemical structures of components relevant to symbiosis; however, scientific knowledge on the physiology and function of these fungi is still limited. This review unfolds our current knowledge on signals and mechanisms in the development of AM symbiosis; the molecular basis of nutrient exchange between AM fungi and host plants; and the role of AM fungi in water uptake, disease protection, alleviation of various abiotic soil stresses and increasing grain production.

show abstract

Section: The Symbiotic Interface and Nutrient Transfersupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: A Journey Through Mycorrhizal Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal networks: process and functions. A review

Garg

Chandel

2010

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

Self Cite

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among those, AM fungi are widespread microorganisms, which are able to establish a symbiotic association with the roots of most legume plants. The fungus gets a protected ecological niche and plant photosynthates, whereas plants improve their ability for nutrient uptake and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses (Manchanda & Garg 2007). Contributions of AM symbiosis to plant stress tolerance are the result of cumulative physical, nutritional, physiological, and cellular effects (Juniper & Abbott 1993;Al-Karaki 2000;Al-Karaki et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alleviation of salt-induced ionic, osmotic and oxidative stresses inCajanus cajannodules by AM inoculation

Manchanda

Garg

2011

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Legume-Rhizobium symbiotic nitrogen (N 2 ) fixation plays a critical role in sustainable nitrogen management in agriculture. The nitrogen fixed by the root nodules not only affects the nitrogen cycle of nature, but is also of great economic importance. A number of physiological and biochemical processes in the nodules are affected by salt stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) in moderating toxic effects of salt stress on nodular metabolism in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh (pigeonpea) cv. Manak. Exposure of plants to salinity stress (4, 6 and 8 dSm 71 ) caused ionic imbalance, which resulted in increased Na þ and reduced K þ and Ca 2þ contents in the nodules. Salinity induced increased synthesis and accumulation of proline and glycine betaine. Salt stress significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities in the nodules of all plants. Nodular growth suffered remarkably and a marked decline in nodule biomass was observed under salt stress. Leghemoglobin content and acetylene reduction activity (ARA) also declined under saline conditions. AM could significantly improve nodule dry mass, leghemoglobin content and nitrogenase activity, and phosphorus content under salt stress. Activities of antioxidant enzymes increased markedly in nodules of mycorrhizal-stressed plants. This study suggested a correlation between improved functional efficiency of nodules and higher osmolyte accumulation and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities of AM plants under stressed conditions relative to the nodules of uninoculated plants.

show abstract

“…Plant roots are exposed to a range of soil microorganisms, with which they form a variety of interactions (Manchanda and Garg 2007). Associative and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are common beneficial microorganisms of leguminous plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth, Nitrogen Fixation and Nutrient Uptake in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under Salt Stress

Moradi

2016

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Most legumes in natural conditions form a symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. AM fungi in saline soils have been reported to improve salinity tolerance and growth in plants. In the present study, interaction between mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus mosseae, and salinity stress in relation to plant growth, nitrogen fixation, and nutrient accumulation was evaluated in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Two alfalfa cultivars (Bami and Yazdi) were compared under different levels of salinity with and without mycorrhizal inoculations. Salt stress resulted in a noticeable decline in shoot and root dry matter accumulation, resulting in a decline in the shoot to root ratio (SRR) in all plants. However, Bami was found to be more tolerant to salinity than Yazdi. Inoculated plants exhibited better growth and biomass accumulation under stressed as well as unstressed conditions. Mycorrhizal colonization (MC) was reduced with increasing salinity levels, but the mycorrhizal dependency (MD) increased, which was more evident in Yazdi. Nodulation was completely inhibited under salt stress conditions for both non -AM inoculated alfalfa varieties. Nodulation only occurred in inoculated plants. Nitrogenase activity was reduced with increasing salt concentrations. AM inoculated plants had considerably higher nodule numbers, dry weights, and nitrogenase activity under nonsaline environments. Bami had a comparatively lower Na + concentration and higher K + and Ca 2+ concentrations than Yazdi. Although nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents declined with increasing salinity, Bami had higher levels of N and P, as compared with Yazdi. Plants inoculated with Glomus mosseae had better plant growth and nitrogen fixation under salt stress.

show abstract

Endomycorrhizal and rhizobial symbiosis: How much do they share?

Cited by 26 publications

References 123 publications

Arbuscular mycorrhizal networks: process and functions. A review

Arbuscular mycorrhizal networks: process and functions. A review

Alleviation of salt-induced ionic, osmotic and oxidative stresses inCajanus cajannodules by AM inoculation

Effect of Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth, Nitrogen Fixation and Nutrient Uptake in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under Salt Stress

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About