Endophytic bacteria associated with the enhanced cadmium resistance in NHX1- overexpressing tobacco plants

Theobroma cacao L. agricultural soils with natural low and high cadmium (Cd) in Santander (Colombia), contain a persistent shared bacterial composition shaped by multiple soil variables and bacterial isolates highly resistant to Cd concentrations

“…Bacteria genus with relative abundance (>0.5%) were identified: Nitrospira , candidatus Udaeobacter, Haliangium, Cupriavidus , MND1, Bacillus, Kitasatospora, Niveibacterium, Acidothermus, Burkholderia, Acidibacter, Terrimonas, Gaiella , ADurb.Bin063–1, candidatus Solibacter, Kitasatospora, Sphingomonas , and Streptomyces ; these genera have been related to Cd tolerance processes, for example, Feng et al., (2018) , reported the following genera from Cd contaminated soils: Nitrospira, Bacillus, Burkholderia , candidatus Solibacter; Cupriavidus ; as for endophytic genera of Cd-tolerant transgenic tobacco: MND1, Ralstonia, Sphingomonas, Streptomyces ( Wang et al., 2021 ), Lazzaro et al., (2006) identified the genera Streptomyces and Kitasatospora in forest soils with Cd; candidatus genera Solibacter , ADurb.Bin063–1 and Acidibacter present in soils with the presence of heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Zn) around an abandoned copper mine ( Chun et al., 2021 ); Ma et al., (2020) reported Burkholderia and Gaiella in soils near Sb mines; as for the candidatus genus Udaeobacter it was reported as the most abundant genus in soils with the presence of Zn, Cd, Ni and Cu adjacent to an abandoned copper mine ( Böhmer et al., 2020 ); genera such as Nitrospira and Haliangium were identified in soils with wheat crop contaminated with Cd ( Song et al., 2020 ); Duan et al., (2020) monitored changes in soil bacterial communities in the presence of different Cd concentrations and reported the presence of Acidothermus and Terrimonas ; the genus Kitasatospora has tolerance to heavy metals (Ni, Zn, and Cu) as published by Yun et al., (2020) .…”

“…Acidothermus contains genes involved in carbon metabolism ( Gosai et al., 2018 ). Wang et al., (2021) identify Acidibacter and Streptomyces as endophytic bacteria resistant to Cd; for Gaiella , their increased relative abundance is related to their correlation against sucrase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase activity in soils with Cd presence ( An et al., 2021 ). According to Niu et al., (2021) reported candidatus Solibacter is a dominant genus in phytoremediation processes in pots using Indian mustard and tall fescue grass in the presence of Cd; Terramonas not only tolerates Cd but increases its relative abundance, which benefits plant growth ( She et al., 2021 ).…”