Endophytic fungi associated with Sudanese medicinal plants show cytotoxic and antibiotic potential

Abstract

In this study, we isolated 15 endophytic fungi from five Sudanese medicinal plants. Each fungal endophytic strain was identified by sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA. Ethyl acetate extracts were prepared from each endophyte cultivated in vitro and tested for their respective antibacterial activities and antiproliferative activities against human cancer cells. Antibacterial screening was carried out against two bacterial strains: Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, by the broth dilution method. Cell viability was evaluated by the MTT procedure after exposure of MCF7 breast cancer cells and HT29 or HCT116 human colon adenocarcinoma cells to each endophytic extract. Of interest, Byssochlamys spectabilis isolated from Euphorbia prostata showed cytotoxicity (IC50 = 1.51 ± 0.2 μg mL(-1)) against MCF7 cells, but had a low effect against HT29 or HCT116 cells (IC50 > 20 μg mL(-1)). Cladosporium cladosporioides 2, isolated from Vernonia amygdalina leaves, showed antiproliferative activities against MCF7 cells (IC50 = 10.5 ± 1.5 μg mL(-1)) only. On the other hand, B. spectabilis and Alternaria sp. extract had antibacterial activities against the S. aureus strain. The findings of this work revealed that endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants from Sudan could be considered as an attractive source of new therapeutic compounds.

Evaluation of Antiviral, Antibacterial and Antiproliferative Activities of the Endophytic Fungus Curvularia papendorfii, and Isolation of a New Polyhydroxyacid

“…Voucher specimen TN4010 was deposited at the herbarium of the Botany Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. The protocol for the isolation of endophytic fungus from V. amygdalina plant materials was the same procedure described in the article of A. Khiralla et al [15].…”

“…For the taxonomic characterization of the isolated fungus, the protocol is the same described by A. Khiralla et al [15].…”

“…Byssochlamys spectabilis and Alternaria sp. isolated from Euphorbia prostrata showed potent antiproliferative and antibacterial activities, respectively [15].…”

Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Kapang Endofit dari Kayu Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binn.) (Isolation and Antimicrobial Activity of Endophytic Fungi from Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binn.))

“…Ka et al (2012) menyatakan kapang endofit memiliki banyak potensi sebagai antibakteri, antikanker, antijamur, antiinflamasi, antitumor, mampu melindungi dari serangan serangga, cacing dan hama lainnya. Khiralla et al (2016) pada penelitiannya menyatakan bahwa kapang endofit yang berasosiasi dengan lima tanaman obat tradisional Sudan memiliki potensi sebagai sumber sitotoksik dan antibiotik. Packiaraj et al (2016) juga menemukan bahwa kapang endofit selain sebagai penghasil senyawa antimikroba juga mampu sebagai sitotoksik.…”

A Look at Some Medicinal Plants from Sudan-Mini Review

“…The medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute (MAPRI) of the National Centre for Research (NCR) is exerting efforts for collecting, conserving, studying and documenting indigenous medicinal and aromatic plants in Sudan. [5][6][7][8] , with this unique history and vast variety of climate and flora, traditional medicine together with use of medicinal plants became an important part of the cultural heritage of Sudan [9][10][11] .…”