Endothelialization and in‐stent restenosis on the surface of glycoprotein IIIa monoclonal antibody eluting stent

Abstract

Since the percutaneous transtuminal coronary angioplasty was introduced into China in 1984, this procedure has become widely accepted as an important step in coronary revascularization. This study shows the effect of the monoclonal antibody (mAb) on the platelet glycoprotein IIIa receptor during endothelialization and in-stent restenosis by implanting the mAb-eluting stents into iliac arteries of rabbits. The hard tissue cross sections of the stent-implanted arterial segments were made by polymethylmethacrylate embedding. Arterial intima proliferation was observed and analyzed. The endothelialization of the stent surface was observed using scanning electron microscope, whereas the ultrastructure of the neointima was observed using transmission electron microscope. After one month of stent implantation, the surfaces of both groups were covered by intact endothelial layers, but the neointimal areas and the ratio of stenosis were significantly lesser in the mAb-eluting stent group (p < 0.01). After 3 months, the ratio of stenosis in the mAb-eluting stent group was 14.67 ± 0.79, whereas that of the bare stent group was 21.58 ± 1.76 (p < 0.01). Therefore, the mAb eluting from the stent surface has the potential to accelerate endothelialization, prevent thrombosis formation due to the interaction of stent with blood, and decrease the stenosis ratio by inhibiting neointima proliferation.

Surface modification of a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane poly(carbonate-urea) urethane (POSS-PCU) nanocomposite polymer as a stent coating for enhanced capture of endothelial progenitor cells

“…Other studies have proposed the use of antibody-functionalized polymer platforms, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) [45], polylactic acid (PLA) [46], and collagen [47] for EPC capture. However it is important to note that if polymer platforms were biodegradable and eroded before a confluent layer of endothelium is formed, it would undermine the purpose of having a protective coating on stents in the first place.…”

Coronary drug‐eluting stents: From design optimization to newer strategies

“…GP IIb/IIIa antibody is an effective drug for inhibiting platelet aggregation, and used in DES design to reduce stent thrombosis. Our group and others reported the efficacy of GP IIb/IIIa antibody in inhibiting platelet aggregation and restenosis while promoting vascular endothelialization upon DES implantation in rabbit …”

“…Our group and others reported the efficacy of GP IIb/IIIa antibody in inhibiting platelet aggregation and restenosis while promoting vascular endothelialization upon DES implantation in rabbit. 39,40 The stent coating Coating is another basic component for design optimization of DES stents. Physically, the stent coating serves as an interface between the host vascular bed and metallic platform.…”

Effects of antibacterial nanostructured composite films on vascular stents: Hemodynamic behaviors, microstructural characteristics, and biomechanical properties

“…The clinical effects of stenting are influenced by various factors such as inadequate balloon expansion, artery injury, stent recoil, and restenosis, which is the most critical problem. In the 1980s, neointimal hyperplasia and elastic recoil were investigated extensively, and many cardiologists researched methods to eliminate these problems . Previously, neointimal hyperplasia occurred approximately in 40% of patients within 3−6 months after stenting.…”

“…In the 1980s, neointimal hyperplasia and elastic recoil were investigated extensively, and many cardiologists researched methods to eliminate these problems. 1,2 Previously, neointimal hyperplasia occurred approximately in 40% of patients within 326 months after stenting. Subsequently, a repeat of the procedure was usually performed for restenosis.…”