Endurance exercise training improves body composition and plasma insulin responses in 70- to 79-year-old men and women

Hersey, W. C.; Graves, James E.; Pollock, Michael L.; Gingerich, Ronald L.; Shireman, Rachel B.; Heath, Gregory W.; Spierto, F. W.; McCole, Steve D.; Hagbèrg, James M.

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(94)90265-8

Cited by 63 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…An increase of DHEA is less pronounced in elderly people after exercise (Malarkey et al 1993). However, findings of increased DHEA after exercise was not found in other studies in elderly women (Hersey et al 1994, Milani et al 1995, Abbasi et al 1998, Hakkinen et al 2000. Our present study indicates, that the discrepant findings might be explained by differences in body fat distribution, because only peripheral adipose women demonstrated the positive association between physical activity and plasma levels of DHEA and ASD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Higher physical activity is associated with increased androgens, low interleukin 6 and less aortic calcification in peripheral obese elderly women

Straub¹,

Tankó

Christiansen

et al. 2008

Journal of Endocrinology

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The presence of peripheral fat mass (PFM) appears to counteract the atherogenic trends of central fat mass through mechanisms presently poorly understood. In elderly women with distinct forms of body fat distribution, we wanted to study whether physical activity and aortic calcification are related to plasma levels of cortisol, 17-a-hydroxyprogesterone (17-a-OHP), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenedione (ASD), and interleukin 6 (IL6) accomplishing an antiatherogenic milieu. A total of 276 well-defined generally healthy women aged 60-85 years were included. Categorization of body fat distribution was based on the relative presence of central to PFM measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Women meticulously reported weekly physical activity. Outcome measures were aortic calcification between lumbar vertebra L1 and L4, plasma levels of hormones, and IL6. In peripheral adipose women, plasma DHEA and ASD increased with the degree of physical activity. This was also mirrored in the ratios of cortisol/ DHEA and cortisol/17-a-OHP. Peripheral adipose women with high DHEA relative to cortisol had less severe aortic calcification, and in the same group a higher level of physical activity was associated with lower levels of plasma IL6. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that high physical activity is associated with a high circulating androgen to cortisol ratio, low IL6, and less severe aortic calcification. Since androgens inhibit IL6 secretion, the activity-induced increase of these hormones might be an anti-atherogenic signal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Higher physical activity is associated with increased androgens, low interleukin 6 and less aortic calcification in peripheral obese elderly women

Straub¹,

Tankó

Christiansen

et al. 2008

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Of the 31 trials (involving 1833 participants) which were included (Table 1), one trial (Leon et al, 1996) used a cross-over design while the remaining studies used a parallel design. Twenty-seven studies used aerobic training exclusively, three studies used resistance training (Boyden et al, 1993;Johnson et al, 1983;Manning et al, 1991) and one study (Hersey et al, 1994) employed both resistance and aerobic training groups (Table 1). Five trials included participants of both sexes, ten trials contained only females and sixteen contained only males.…”

Section: Descriptive Data Of Included Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the studies that included both males and females, only two trials (Juneau 1987;King 1991) analysed the results according to gender. The mean number of participants per study was 59 AE 52.4 (range 16 ± 300) and the ages of the participants ranged from 19 ± 83 y, with older participants ( b 60 y) represented in only six studies (Binder 1996;Blumenthal et al, 1991;Hersey et al, 1994;Motoyama et al, 1995;Nieman et al, 1993;Ready et al, 1995).…”

Section: Descriptive Data Of Included Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three trials used cycle ergometer exercise (Aellen et al, 1993;Ready & Quinney, 1982;Stein et al, 1990), while three studies used a combination of training modes (Blumenthal et al, 1991;Grandjean et al, 1996;Kiens et al, 1980). One trial (Hersey et al 1994) contained both aerobic (walking) and resistance training groups. The average intensity of the aerobic programmes was 62.9 AE 14.0% VO 2 max (range 30 to 84%).…”

Section: Descriptive Data Of Included Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eleven studies included all randomized participants in the ®nal analysis with the remainder reporting results for only those participants who completed the follow-up. Twelve studies stated an adherence rate for session attendance (Baker et al, The ef®cacy of exercise training in the modi®cation of blood lipids JA Halbert et al 1986; Blumenthal et al, 1991;Boyden et al, 1993;Duncan et al, 1991;Grandjean et al, 1996;Hersey et al, 1994;Houmard et al, 1994;Kiens et al, 1980;King et al, 1991;Leon et al, 1996;Ready et al, 1995;Stein et al, 1990). Four trials failed to provide information on the dietary instructions or the measurement of dietary intake (Johnson et al, 1983;King et al, 1991;Suter et al, 1994;Toriola, 1984).…”

Section: Quality Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise training and blood lipids in hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic adults: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials

et al. 1999

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Objective: To determine the effectiveness of exercise training (aerobic and resistance) in modifying blood lipids, and to determine the most effective training programme with regard to duration, intensity and frequency for optimizing the blood lipid pro®le. Design: Trials were identi®ed by a systematic search of Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index (SCI), published reviews and the references of relevant trials. The inclusion criteria were limited to randomized, controlled trials of aerobic and resistance exercise training which were conducted over a minimum of four weeks and involved measurement of one or more of the following: total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). Subjects: A total of 31 trials (1833 hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic participants) were included. Results: Aerobic exercise training resulted in small but statistically signi®cant decreases of 0.10 mmolaL (95% CI: 0.02, 0.18), 0.10 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.19), 0.08 mmolaL (95% CI: 0.02, 0.14), for TC, LDL-C, and TG, respectively, with an increase in HDL-C of 0.05 mmolaL (95% CI: 0.02, 0.08). Comparisons between the intensities of the aerobic exercise programmes produced inconsistent results; but more frequent exercise did not appear to result in greater improvements to the lipid pro®le than exercise three times per week. The evidence for the effect of resistance exercise training was inconclusive. Conclusions: Caution is required when drawing ®rm conclusions from this study given the signi®cant heterogeneity with comparisons. However, the results appear to indicate that aerobic exercise training produced small but favourable modi®cations to blood lipids in previously sedentary adults.

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Effects of Exercise and Weight Loss on Cardiac Risk Factors Associated With Syndrome X

et al. 2003

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Endurance exercise training improves body composition and plasma insulin responses in 70- to 79-year-old men and women

Cited by 63 publications

References 32 publications

Higher physical activity is associated with increased androgens, low interleukin 6 and less aortic calcification in peripheral obese elderly women

Higher physical activity is associated with increased androgens, low interleukin 6 and less aortic calcification in peripheral obese elderly women

Exercise training and blood lipids in hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic adults: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials

Effects of Exercise and Weight Loss on Cardiac Risk Factors Associated With Syndrome X

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