Enduring Behavioral Effects Induced by Birth by Caesarean Section in the Mouse

Morais, Lívia H.; Golubeva, Anna V.; Moloney, Gerard; Moya-Pérez, Ángela; Ventura-Silva, Ana Paula; Arboleya, Silvia; Bastiaanssen, Thomaz F.S.; O’Sullivan, Órla; Rea, Kieran; Borre, Yuliya; Scott, Karen A.; Patterson, Elaine; Cherry, Paul; Stilling, Roman M.; Hoban, Alan E.; Aidy, Sahar El; Sequeira, Ana Marta; Beers, S.; Moloney, Rachel D.; Renes, Ingrid B.; Wang, Shugui; Knol, Jan; Ross, R. Paul; O’Toole, Paul W.; Cotter, Paul D.; Stanton, Catherine; Dinan, Timothy G.; Cryan, John F.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.044

Cited by 77 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Preclinical models highlight how gut microbiota disturbances due to antibiotics, delivery mode, or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from AN patients correlated with anxiety-like behaviors [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Lach et al, assessed the long-term effects of transient gut microbiota depletion using a cocktail of five antibiotics in mice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Microbiota Imbalance in Anxiety and Eating Disorders: Probiotics as Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Navarro-Tapia

Almeida-Toledano

Sebastiani

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Anxiety and eating disorders produce a physiological imbalance that triggers alterations in the abundance and composition of gut microbiota. Moreover, the gut–brain axis can be altered by several factors such as diet, lifestyle, infections, and antibiotic treatment. Diet alterations generate gut dysbiosis, which affects immune system responses, inflammation mechanisms, the intestinal permeability, as well as the production of short chain fatty acids and neurotransmitters by gut microbiota, which are essential to the correct function of neurological processes. Recent studies indicated that patients with generalized anxiety or eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorders) show a specific profile of gut microbiota, and this imbalance can be partially restored after a single or multi-strain probiotic supplementation. Following the PRISMA methodology, the current review addresses the main microbial signatures observed in patients with generalized anxiety and/or eating disorders as well as the importance of probiotics as a preventive or a therapeutic tool in these pathologies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Microbiota Imbalance in Anxiety and Eating Disorders: Probiotics as Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Navarro-Tapia

Almeida-Toledano

Sebastiani

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Yet, another recent study in mice found transient hippocampal changes, as well as differences in vocalisation patterns and grooming behaviours, although it was concluded that there were no long‐term consequences of CS delivery based on a lack of differences in neuronal activity in the hippocampus, as well as anxiety‐related and social behaviour tests 207 . Finally, and most recently, a study of mice delivered by CS found social and cognitive deficits along with an anxious phenotype, which were all partially normalised by housing with VD mice 208 . Most likely, the enduring consequences of CS delivery arise from disruptions to both tocosematic processes and dysbiosis.…”

Section: Known Associations Of Caesarean Delivery With Developmental mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…207 Finally, and most recently, a study of mice delivered by CS found social and cognitive deficits along with an anxious phenotype, which were all partially normalised by housing with VD mice. 208 179 and animals. 31…”

Section: The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth signalling hormones and the developmental consequences of caesarean delivery

Kenkel

2020

J Neuroendocrinology

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Rates of delivery by caesarean section (CS) are increasing around the globe and, although several epidemiological associations have already been observed between CS and health outcomes in later life, more are sure to be discovered as this practice continues to gain popularity. The components of vaginal delivery that protect offspring from the negative consequences of CS delivery in later life are currently unknown, although much attention to date has focused on differences in microbial colonisation. Here, we present the case that differing hormonal experiences at birth may also contribute to the neurodevelopmental consequences of CS delivery. Levels of each of the ‘birth signalling hormones’ (oxytocin, arginine vasopressin, epinephrine, norepinephrine and the glucocorticoids) are lower following CS compared to vaginal delivery, and there is substantial evidence for each that manipulations in early life results in long‐term neurodevelopmental consequences. We draw from the research traditions of neuroendocrinology and developmental psychobiology to suggest that the perinatal period is a sensitive period, during which hormones achieve organisational effects. Furthermore, there is much to be learned from research on developmental programming by early‐life stress that may inform research on CS, as a result of shared neuroendocrine mechanisms at work. We compare and contrast the effects of early‐life stress with those of CS delivery and propose new avenues of research based on the links between the two bodies of literature. The research conducted to date suggests that the differences in hormone signalling seen in CS neonates may produce long‐term neurodevelopmental consequences.

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“…Preclinical animal models have shown that pioneer communities, such as those from the maternal cervicovaginal and gut microbiota, colonize the mucosal surfaces of the newborn and initiate processes that include immune system maturation, nutritional provisioning for the developing brain, and other adaptations to the postnatal environment (Arrieta et al, 2015; Fulde et al, 2018; Gensollen et al, 2016; Jašarević and Bale, 2019; McDonald and McCoy, 2019; Renz et al, 2018; Walker, 2017). Indeed, these animal studies have shown that disruption in this intestinal colonization process promotes lasting changes to the offspring’s immune system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis, as well as increased susceptibility to allergy, obesity, and diabetes across the lifespan (Al Nabhani et al, 2019a, 2019b; Arrieta et al, 2015; Jašarević et al, 2015, 2017, 2018; Morais et al, 2020; Sudo et al, 2004). While such studies support the notion that vertical transmission of maternal microbiota impacts offspring development in a composition-dependent manner, the specific health outcomes following colonization by a nonoptimal CST IV cervicovaginal microbiome, especially in the context of a high-risk pregnancy, have not been examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization at birth with human CST IV cervicovaginal microbiota alters development and increases neonatal mortality in mice

Jašarević

Hill

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Profound racial health disparities contribute to maternal-infant morbidity and mortality. An emergent risk factor is the maternal microbiota, whereby compositional alterations impact maternal health and offspring development during pregnancy and beyond. The presence of a nonoptimal CST IV cervicovaginal microbiota, more common in Black and Hispanic women, is associated with increased risk of preterm birth and adverse birth outcomes. Through examination of the biological mechanisms by which vertical transmission of microbiota from mother to offspring influences postnatal development, we found that exposing cesarean delivered mice with CST IV cervicovaginal microbiota from pregnant women produced lasting effects on offspring metabolic, immune, and neural outcomes. We then examined how compounding effects of a typical high-risk, proinflammatory in utero environment, characterized by a maternal obesogenic state and the presence of G. vaginalis, would affect the offspring response to CST IV microbial gut colonization. The resultant developmental immaturity, coupled with an exaggerated immune response induced by exposure to risk-associated maternal microbiota, resulted in a profound increase in neonatal mortality, supporting the critical importance of elucidating the multifactorial biological mechanisms involved in high-risk pregnancies.

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Enduring Behavioral Effects Induced by Birth by Caesarean Section in the Mouse

Cited by 77 publications

References 78 publications

Effects of Microbiota Imbalance in Anxiety and Eating Disorders: Probiotics as Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Effects of Microbiota Imbalance in Anxiety and Eating Disorders: Probiotics as Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Birth signalling hormones and the developmental consequences of caesarean delivery

Colonization at birth with human CST IV cervicovaginal microbiota alters development and increases neonatal mortality in mice

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