Energy and protein nutritional requirements for Nellore bulls

Silva, Luiz Fernando Costa e; Filho, Sebastião de Campos Valadares; Zanetti, Diego; Rotta, Polyana Pizzi; Marcondes, Marcos Inácio; Prados, Laura Franco; Paulino, Mário Fonseca; Azevedo, Henrique de Oliveira

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982012000600028

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The estimated value of k gain was close to that described by Menezes et al (2016) and Costa e Silva et al (2012), 34.4% and 33.0%, respectively. However, Chizzotti et al (2008) described in a meta‐analyses a value of 44% for k gain , a value eight percentage units higher than that found in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of inclusion levels of low‐fat dried distillers grains in finishing diets on protein and energy intake and retention and estimation of protein and energy requirements of young Nellore bulls fed with high concentrate diets

Alhadas

Filho

Tedeschi

et al. 2022

Animal Science Journal

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The objective was to evaluate the effect of including low‐fat dried distillers grains (DDG) in finishing diets on protein and energy intake and retention and to estimate the protein and energy requirement of young Nellore bulls. Thirty‐five animals were used: baseline (n = 4), maintenance (n = 4), and ad libitum intake (n = 27). Ad libitum animals were divided into four groups: diets with the inclusion of DDG at the levels of 0, 150, 300, and 450 g/kg (dry matter basis). At the end of the experiment, all animals were slaughtered. There was a linear reduction with increasing DDG levels in the total digestible nutrients intake (p = 0.008), metabolizable energy (ME) intake (p < 0.010), in total retained energy (p = 0.065), and in heat production (p < 0.001). Metabolizable protein (MP) intake increased linearly (p < 0.010) but retained protein did not differ (p = 0.499). Daily net energy and ME requirement for maintenance were 75.9 and 122 kcal/kg0.75 EBW, respectively. Daily MP for maintenance was 3.6 g/kg0.75 shrunk body weight. DDG inclusion in finishing diets reduces energy intake and deposition, and we recommend the equations of this study to estimate the requirements of young Nellore bulls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of inclusion levels of low‐fat dried distillers grains in finishing diets on protein and energy intake and retention and estimation of protein and energy requirements of young Nellore bulls fed with high concentrate diets

Alhadas

Filho

Tedeschi

et al. 2022

Animal Science Journal

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“…The retained energy, determined from the empty body composition of the animals, increased with feed intake and weight gain, while the quantity of deposited energy as protein decreased with the increase in weight gain, consistent with findings of previous reports (CHIZZOTTI et al, 2007;SILVA et al, 2012).…”

Section: Eqsupporting

confidence: 91%

Energy and protein requirements for Nellore steers estimated with the deuterium oxide marker

Aferri¹,

Corte²,

Pereira³

et al. 2020

Bol. Ind. Anim.

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The aim of this study was determine the energy and protein requirements for maintenance and gain of Nellore steers. Thirty six Nellore steers with a average weight and age of 359±13 kg and 20 months at the beginning of the trial were individually fed for 56. The steers were fed the same diet (76.43% TDN and 13.62% CP) in three levels of dry matter (DM) intake, ad libitum, 75 g DM/kg BW0.75 and 60 g DM/kg BW0.75. The initial and final body composition was estimated with the marker deuterium oxide that allowed repeated water estimate in the same animal. Deuterium in blood samples was analyzed by mass spectrometry. The effects of intake levels, comparison of intercept and slope among feeding level, and equations were evaluated by the analysis of variance, adopting P<0.05 as a significant level. The net energy for maintenance was 75 kcal/kg EBW0.75 or 70 kcal/kg BW0.75. The net energy for gain for steers with 350 to 450 kg weight was 5.1 to 6.1Mcal. The efficiency of energy utilization for maintenance, km, was 0.7492 and for weight gain, kg, was 0.3404. The metabolizable protein requirement for maintenance was 4.32 * BW0.75 and the net protein for gain was estimated with the equation NPg = (254.68*EBWG) €“ (29.38*RE). The technique of deuterium oxide marker used to estimate energy and protein requirement for maintenance and weight gain at Nellore steers confirm the hypothesis presented in NRC, that NEm is lower than the requirement for taurine cattle. On the other hand, the reverse was true for the NP requirement for maintenance and for weight gain. We consider that indirect method using D2O for estimate body composition in zebu cattle was suitable to determine nutrient requirements.

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“…An increase in the lactic acid content results in a decrease in the pH value which inhibits the proliferation of harmful bacteria that require a large consumption of nutrients and helps in the retention of nutrients such as CP [ 20 , 21 ]. It has been reported that ruminants require more than 70 g/kg DM CP content in their feed to ensure normal ruminal microbial activity, and low CP content may reduce the proliferation of rumen microbes [ 22 ]. In this study, both the CP content of the C25 and R25 groups complied with the requirements (78.9 and 75.4 g/kg DM, respectively) and benefited from the abundant protein in the SCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermentation Quality and Microbial Community of Corn Stover or Rice Straw Silage Mixed with Soybean Curd Residue

Wang

Song

Liu

et al. 2022

Animals

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The objective of this study was to investigate the fermentation quality and microbial community of corn stover (CS) or rice straw (RS) silage mixed with soybean curd residue (SCR). In this study, SCR and CS or RS were mixed at ratios of 75:25, 70:30, and 65:35, respectively, and measured for nutrient content, fermentation indices, and bacterial diversity after 30 days of ensiling. The results showed an increase in lactic acid (LA) concentration (p < 0.01) and crude protein (CP) content (p < 0.0001), a decrease in pH value (p < 0.01), the content of NDF (p < 0.01) and ADF (p < 0.01), and ammonia nitrogen (AN) concentration (p < 0.01) as the proportion of SCR in raw materials (CS or RS) increased. The addition of SCR to silage led to a decrease in bacterial diversity and contributed to an increased relative abundance of beneficial microorganisms, such as Lactobacillus, and a corresponding decrease in the relative abundance of undesirable microorganisms, such as Clostridium and Enterobacter. Collectively, the mixed silage of soybean curd residue with corn stover or rice straw preserved more nutrients and helped improve fermentation quality.

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Energy and protein nutritional requirements for Nellore bulls

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of inclusion levels of low‐fat dried distillers grains in finishing diets on protein and energy intake and retention and estimation of protein and energy requirements of young Nellore bulls fed with high concentrate diets

Effect of inclusion levels of low‐fat dried distillers grains in finishing diets on protein and energy intake and retention and estimation of protein and energy requirements of young Nellore bulls fed with high concentrate diets

Energy and protein requirements for Nellore steers estimated with the deuterium oxide marker

Fermentation Quality and Microbial Community of Corn Stover or Rice Straw Silage Mixed with Soybean Curd Residue

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