Energy auditing of diversified rice–wheat cropping systems in Indo-gangetic plains

Chaudhary, Ved Prakash; Gangwar, B.; Pandey, Dinesh; Gangwar, K. S.

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2009.04.017

Cited by 85 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Per criteria, energy consumption is introduced as a factor for evaluating the social and economical development of a country [18,22]. In developing countries, energy consumption is greatly increased by economical development [8]. Population increase, limited arable lands, and rising living standards result in increased energy inputted into agricultural systems to maximize yield production and minimize cultivation operations carried out with human intervention [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy comparison of two rice cultivation systems

Eskandari

Attar

2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy comparison of two rice cultivation systems

Eskandari

Attar

2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…Soni et al [4] and Mohammadi et al [9] have studied energy and environmental performances of rice production, while Khakbazan et al [10] , Khoshnevisan et al [11] and Mohammadi et al [9] studied wheat production system. Similarly, energy input-output analyses of rice and wheat crops are well documented in the literature such as in: rice production system [12][13][14][15] and in wheat production system [12,16,17] . But none of such analysis is known to be reported on these aspects in the context of Nepal.…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy balance and environmental impacts of rice and wheat production: A case study in Nepal

Pokhrel

Soni

2019

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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Energy and environment are the key concerns in todays' agriculture. This study investigated energy balance and environmental impact of rice and wheat production systems in terms of energy ratio, impact of energy inputs to the crop yield and CO 2 e (carbon dioxide equivalent) emissions under terai and hill geographical regions of Nepal. Primary data were collected from 139 randomly selected farms by using structured questionnaire. The results revealed that the total energy consumption in rice and wheat production were 9.70 GJ/hm 2 (terai) to 11.78 GJ/hm 2 (hill) and 8.40 GJ/hm 2 (hill) to 10.95 GJ/hm 2 (terai), respectively. The energy balance of rice and wheat production were found 46.33 GJ/hm 2 (hill) to 59.29 GJ/hm 2 (terai) and 27.14 GJ/hm 2 (terai) to 38.52 GJ/hm 2 (hill), respectively, where energy use efficiency in terai and hill were found to be 7.14 and 4.97 in rice, and 3.49 and 5.59 in wheat, respectively. The contribution of fertilizer on impacts was significant among other energy inputs in rice and wheat production in both geographical regions. The CO 2 e emissions from rice and wheat were higher by 52% and 78% in hill as compared to respective crop rice (1786 kg CO 2 e/hm 2) and wheat (843 kg CO 2 e/hm 2) in terai. This study showed that rice production system in terai is more energy and environmentally efficient, whilst wheat production in hill is more energy efficient.

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“…Guilan province of Iran with horticultural crops area of 87533 ha was one of the most important orange producers in 2011 (Ministry of Jihad-eAgriculture of Iran, 2012). Historically, the efficient use of energy in agriculture did not have a high priority but recently the use of energy resources has increased markedly with advancement in the technology and general agricultural developments (Chaudhary et al, 2009). Effective energy use in agriculture is one of the conditions for sustainable agricultural production, since it provides financial savings, fossil resources preservation and air pollution reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%