Energy Conversion Factor for Gasoline Engines in Real-World Driving Emission Cycle

Noce, Toshizaemom; Hanriot, Sérgio de Morais; Sales, Luís Carlos Monteiro; Sodré, José Ricardo; Novaes, Matheus Bitarães de

doi:10.1007/s42154-020-00098-x

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…CO 2 Emissions Reduction Potential: We calculated CO 2 emissions reduction potential using Eq. ( 2 ) where E pt is electricity produced at each point (Wh yr −1 ), G is the energy conversion factor for gasoline engines (gal Wh −1 ; 0.405 L-gasoline kWh −1 ) 47 , C is a conversion to CO 2 (MTCO 2 gal −1 ; 8887 g-CO 2 gal −1 ) 31 , and R CO2 is total CO 2 reduction potential (MTCO 2 yr −1 ). We then calculated the total equivalent number of vehicles that could be powered by AVS using Eq.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agrivoltaic systems have the potential to meet energy demands of electric vehicles in rural Oregon, US

Steadman

Higgins

2022

Sci Rep

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Electrification of the transportation industry is necessary; however, range anxiety has proven to be a major hindrance to individuals adopting electric vehicles (EVs). Agrivoltaic systems (AVS) can facilitate the transition to EVs by powering EV charging stations along major rural roadways, increasing their density and mitigating range anxiety. Here we conduct case study analyses of future EV power needs for Oregon, USA, and identify 174 kha of AVS viable agricultural land outside urban boundaries that is south facing and does not have prohibitive attributes (designated wetland, forested land, or otherwise protected lands). 86% highway access points have sufficient available land to supply EV charging stations with AVS. These AVS installations would occupy less than 3% (5 kha) of the identified available land area. Installing EV charging stations at these 86% highway access points would yield 231 EV charging stations with a median range of 5.9 km (3.6 mi), a distance comparable to driver expectations, suggesting that this approach would serve to mitigate range anxiety. AVS powered rural charging stations in Oregon could support the equivalent of 673,915 electric vehicles yr−1, reducing carbon emissions due to vehicle use in OR by 3.1 mil MTCO2 yr−1, or 21%.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agrivoltaic systems have the potential to meet energy demands of electric vehicles in rural Oregon, US

Steadman

Higgins

2022

Sci Rep

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“…The emission associated with these cycles is a primary contributor to global warming, and the use of hazardous fluids, required for efficient cooling cycles, makes refrigeration the world's current most polluting technology. [1][2][3][4] This motivates the development of new fluids with enhanced thermodynamic properties that enable cleaner and more efficient energy cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multistable Metafluid based Energy Harvesting and Storage

et al. 2023

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The thermodynamic properties of fluids play a crucial role in many engineering applications, particularly in the context of energy. Fluids with multistable thermodynamic properties may offer new paths for harvesting and storing energy via transitions between equilibria states. Such artificial multistable fluids can be created using the approach employed in metamaterials, which controls macro‐properties through micro‐structure composition. In this work, the dynamics of such “metafluids” is examined for a configuration of calorically‐perfect compressible gas contained within multistable elastic capsules flowing in a fluid‐filled tube. The velocity‐, pressure‐, and temperature‐fields of multistable compressible metafluids is studied by both analytically and experimentally, focusing on transitions between different equilibria. The dynamics of a single capsule is first examine, which may move or change equilibrium state, due to fluidic forces. The interaction and motion of multiple capsules within a fluid‐filled tube is then studied. It shows that such a system can be used to harvest energy from external temperature variations in either time or space. Thus, fluidic multistability allows specific quanta of energy to be captured and stored indefinitely as well as transported as a fluid, via tubes, at standard atmospheric conditions without the need for thermal isolation.

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A methodology for regulating fuel stratification and improving fuel economy of GCI mode via double main-injection strategy

Zhang¹,

Mi²,

Zhao³

et al. 2023

Front. Energy

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Energy Conversion Factor for Gasoline Engines in Real-World Driving Emission Cycle

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Agrivoltaic systems have the potential to meet energy demands of electric vehicles in rural Oregon, US

Agrivoltaic systems have the potential to meet energy demands of electric vehicles in rural Oregon, US

Multistable Metafluid based Energy Harvesting and Storage

A methodology for regulating fuel stratification and improving fuel economy of GCI mode via double main-injection strategy

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