Energy efficient and link reliable routing (E2LR) scheme for underwater sensor networks

Tariq, Moeenuddin; Ayaz, Muhammad; Subhan, Fazlı; Abbas, Muhammad

doi:10.1007/s12083-021-01105-6

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A maximum transmission range r max is set so that the distance between the sender and forwarder δ i,j in step 7, is within this value. P O is the initial transmit power, x is the ratio between distance and energy consumption [15] used for calculating the total energy consumption in transmission of packet from node i to j. If a node has angle of cos θ between source to forwarder and forwarder to sink less than 0 then it goes to sleep mode else added to S i (T) from steps 15-19.…”

Section: Forwarder Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the RE of any other node is found to be higher than the RE of the forwarder, then that node is next added to set of forwarder S i (T). The delivery efficiency factor is calculated based on the link quality value LQ i,j , the fitness factor F i,j and the energy consumption E i,j from steps 23-26 as in [15]. The forwarder node is finally selected based on better delivery efficiency factor DE i,j and maximum residual energy content.…”

Section: Forwarder Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamic address is calculated based on packet sent downwards from the sink and node receiving this packet to deliver it towards its upper layer node. The energy-efficient and reliable link routing (E2LR) scheme proposed in [15] provides a location-free link reliable and energy-efficient protocol for routing minimizing the flooding of messages. Selecting the best link for transmission reduces end-to-end delay and updates energy consumed in each step to optimize routing mechanism and improve network lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

FSE2R: An Improved Collision-Avoidance-based Energy Efficient Route Selection Protocol in USN

Dash¹,

Hota²,

Panda³

et al. 2023

Computer Systems Science and Engineering

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The 3D Underwater Sensor Network (USNs) has become the most optimistic medium for tracking and monitoring underwater environment. Energy and collision are two most critical factors in USNs for both sparse and dense regions. Due to harsh ocean environment, it is a challenge to design a reliable energy efficient with collision free protocol. Diversity in link qualities may cause collision and frequent communication lead to energy loss; that effects the network performance. To overcome these challenges a novel protocol Forwarder Selection Energy Efficient Routing (FSE2R) is proposed. Our proposal's key idea is based on computation of node distance from the sink, Residual Energy (RE) of each node and Signal to Interference Noise Ratio (SINR). The node distance from sink and RE is computed for reliable forwarder node selection and SINR is used for analysis of collision. The novel proposal compares with existing protocols like H2AB, DEEP, and E2LR to achieve Quality of Service (QoS) in terms of throughput, packet delivery ratio and energy consumption. The comparative analysis shows that FSE2R gives on an average 30% less energy consumption, 24.62% better PDR and 48.31% less end-to-end delay compared to other protocols.

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Section: Forwarder Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Forwarder Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

FSE2R: An Improved Collision-Avoidance-based Energy Efficient Route Selection Protocol in USN

Dash¹,

Hota²,

Panda³

et al. 2023

Computer Systems Science and Engineering

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“…Multi‐modal UWSNs and on‐demand appropriate selection of the acoustic modem at each node have not been studied. To achieve this goal, Tariq et al 95 propose a localization‐free, energy‐efficient, and link‐reliable routing protocol that regulates unnecessary flooding of hello packets. It does, however, increase the transmission overhead.…”

Section: Wireless Sensor Network That Operate Underwater‐routing Prot...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Underwater acoustic sensor networks: Taxonomy on applications, architectures, localization methods, deployment techniques, routing techniques, and threats: A systematic review

Gola

Arya

2023

Concurrency and Computation

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SummaryWireless information routing beneath the ocean, or usually underwater, has supplied the most excellent technical methods of oceanic observations. Traditionally, ocean bottoms have been monitored by placing oceanographic sensors that collect data at specific and defined ocean zones. When the duties are performed, the oceanographic instruments are recovered. Because there is no collaborative exchange of collected data between the collecting point and the monitoring end, data cannot be observed remotely. Underwater sensor networks can be wirelessly connected with sensors and monitors without extensive cable. Underwater wireless sensor networks are what they are called (UWSNs). This article investigates the various aspects of UWSNs, such as their significance, applications, network design, demands, routing, deployments and challenges.

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“…The energy consumption due to the unnecessary hello packets has been controlled with a localization-free, energy-efficient, and link reliable (E2LR) routing protocol (Tariq et al, 2021). Furthermore, the E2LR routing protocol uses a composite metric for the forwarder hop selection to reduce the E2E delay and packet loss.…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

RACE-SM: Reliability and adaptive cooperation for efficient UWSNs using sink mobility

Ahmad

Rahman²,

Khan³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are the most crucial method for exploring the hidden resources under the water. It enables many underwater applications, such as military, commercial, disaster prevention, ocean sampling, and other emergencies. Data transmission through a single relay node creates a hotspot, which will minimize the network lifetime and reduce the network reliability. Therefore, the cooperative technique is essential for transferring data between the source and the destination. This research proposes an improved version of Reliability and Adaptive Cooperation for Efficient (RACE), a well-known cooperative routing protocol for UWSNs known as RACE-SM. RACE-SM solved the single relay node issues by using the sink mobility scheme. All sensor nodes transfer data directly to the sink node if the sink node is in the communication range. Otherwise, sensor nodes use the cooperative combining strategies scheme to send the data from the source to the destination or sink node. The performance of the proposed method is then compared with the current protocols. The simulation results show that the RACE-SM outperforms in average up to 40.60%, 59%, 278%, and 77% than current protocols in terms of alive nodes, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and end-to-end delay respectively.

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Energy efficient and link reliable routing (E2LR) scheme for underwater sensor networks

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

FSE2R: An Improved Collision-Avoidance-based Energy Efficient Route Selection Protocol in USN

FSE2R: An Improved Collision-Avoidance-based Energy Efficient Route Selection Protocol in USN

Underwater acoustic sensor networks: Taxonomy on applications, architectures, localization methods, deployment techniques, routing techniques, and threats: A systematic review

RACE-SM: Reliability and adaptive cooperation for efficient UWSNs using sink mobility

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