Energy Efficient on Aspect of Clock Synchronization in a Wireless Sensor 
 Network

Al-Mekhlaf, Zeyad Ghaleb; Hanapi, Zurina Mohd; Othman, Mohamed; Zukarnain, Zuriati Ahmad; Saleh, Ahmed M. Shamsan

doi:10.3923/jas.2014.1101.1113

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In WSNs, energy efficiency is ensured by explicitly embedding energy minimization protocols into the underlying sensing model of the sensors (such as reducing the per packet energy consumption) or avoiding the high energy usage of any single node within the network [6, 10–13]. Therefore, the energy-efficient transmission scheduling for time synchronization on WSNs is classified into a sender and a receiver [11]. The transmission scheduling problems at the sender, which is the focus of the current study, are collision, deafness, and hidden terminals.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travelling Wave Pulse Coupled Oscillator (TWPCO) Using a Self-Organizing Scheme for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

Al-Mekhlafi¹,

Hanapi²,

Othman³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Recently, Pulse Coupled Oscillator (PCO)-based travelling waves have attracted substantial attention by researchers in wireless sensor network (WSN) synchronization. Because WSNs are generally artificial occurrences that mimic natural phenomena, the PCO utilizes firefly synchronization of attracting mating partners for modelling the WSN. However, given that sensor nodes are unable to receive messages while transmitting data packets (due to deafness), the PCO model may not be efficient for sensor network modelling. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposed a new scheme called the Travelling Wave Pulse Coupled Oscillator (TWPCO). For this, the study used a self-organizing scheme for energy-efficient WSNs that adopted travelling wave biologically inspired network systems based on phase locking of the PCO model to counteract deafness. From the simulation, it was found that the proposed TWPCO scheme attained a steady state after a number of cycles. It also showed superior performance compared to other mechanisms, with a reduction in the total energy consumption of 25%. The results showed that the performance improved by 13% in terms of data gathering. Based on the results, the proposed scheme avoids the deafness that occurs in the transmit state in WSNs and increases the data collection throughout the transmission states in WSNs.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travelling Wave Pulse Coupled Oscillator (TWPCO) Using a Self-Organizing Scheme for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

Al-Mekhlafi¹,

Hanapi²,

Othman³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In WSNs, energy efficiency is ensured by explicit embedding energy minimization protocols into the underlying sensing model of the sensors (such as reducing the per packet energy consumption) or avoiding the high energy usage of any single node within the network (Al-Mekhlafi et al, 2014a;Kawale and Makandar, 2015;Phung et al, 2013;. Therefore, the energy efficiency for transmission scheduling in time synchronization on WSNs is classified into a sender and a receiver (Al-Mekhlafi et al, 2014a). The transmission scheduling problems at the sender, which is the focus of the current study, are collision, deafness and hidden terminal.…”

Section: Twpco and Pcomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fireflies resemble sensor nodes in terms of their decentralized behaviors that are characterized by restricted individual processing capabilities (Al-Mekhlafi et al, 2014a). In addition, communication of fireflies is described to be largely local.…”

Section: Twpco and Pcomentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on Energy Efficient in Traveling Wave Pulse Coupled Oscillator for Wireless Sensor Networks

Al-Mekhlafi¹,

Hanapi²,

Othman³

et al. 2016

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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WSNs are unable to afford simultaneous transmission and reception of data and for most scenarios, the battery replacement is impossible upon the exhaustion of a node's battery energy. Thus, energy efficient protocols constitute vital design requirements for the WSN as a whole in order to increase the lifetime and ensure successful transmission of data from sensor node source to target, it becomes necessary to maintain sensor node's availability. Traveling Wave Pulse Coupled Oscillator (TWPCO) has proven to be robust, efficient and resistant to counteract deafness under various WSN including analytical models. However the extent to which energy efficient is consumed in sensor nodes, which deploys TWPCO as its self-organization has never been mentioned. To overcome this limitation, we performed a comparative study on energy efficient in TWPCO for WSNs. Using self-organizing scheme energy efficient WSNs by adopting a traveling wave biologically inspired network systems based on phase locking of Pulse Coupled Oscillator (PCO) model regards sensor nodes as observed in the flashing synchronization behaviors of fireflies and secretion of radio signals as firing. The simulation work was done using Java programming language. Energy efficiency in the random variant of both schemes (TWPCO and PCO) was also observed to be higher than the priority variant of the schemes.

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“…The wireless sensor network (WSN) positions itself within the revolutionary network technologies as a credible member. [1][2][3] This is due to the enormous benefit of WSNs in diverse fields that affects human life. WSN applications can be classified into two categories, that is, tracking and monitoring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random traveling wave pulse-coupled oscillator algorithm of energy-efficient wireless sensor networks

Al-Mekhlafi

Hanapi

Othman

et al. 2018

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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Energy-efficient pulse-coupled oscillators have recently gained significant research attention in wireless sensor networks, where the wireless sensor network applications mimic the firefly synchronization for attracting mating partners. As a result, it is more suitable and harder to identify demands in all applications. The pulse-coupled oscillator mechanism causing delay and uncharitable applications needs to reduce energy consumption to the smallest level. To avert this problem, this study proposes a new mechanism called random traveling wave pulse-coupled oscillator algorithm, which is a self-organizing technique for energy-efficient wireless sensor networks using the phase-locking traveling wave pulsecoupled oscillator and random method on anti-phase of the pulse-coupled oscillator model. This technique proposed in order to minimize the high power utilization in the network to get better data gathering of the sensor nodes during data transmission. The simulation results shown that the proposed random traveling wave pulse-coupled oscillator mechanism achieved up to 48% and 55% reduction in energy usage when increase the number of sensor nodes as well as the packet size of the transmitted data compared to traveling wave pulse-coupled oscillator and pulse-coupled oscillator methods. In addition, the mechanism improves the data gathering ratio by up to 70% and 68%, respectively. This is due to the developed technique helps to reduce the high consumed energy in the sensor network and increases the data collection throughout the transmission states in wireless sensor networks.

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Energy Efficient on Aspect of Clock Synchronization in a Wireless Sensor Network

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Travelling Wave Pulse Coupled Oscillator (TWPCO) Using a Self-Organizing Scheme for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

Travelling Wave Pulse Coupled Oscillator (TWPCO) Using a Self-Organizing Scheme for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

Comparative Study on Energy Efficient in Traveling Wave Pulse Coupled Oscillator for Wireless Sensor Networks

Random traveling wave pulse-coupled oscillator algorithm of energy-efficient wireless sensor networks

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