Energy, environment and development in Cuba

Suárez, José Antonio; Beatón, Pedro Aníbal; Escalona, Ronoldy Faxas; Montero, Ofelia Pérez

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.023

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…With the dissolution of Comecon, entailing the sudden loss of export markets and the abrupt end of subsidised imports from the then collapsing Soviet Union, Cuba entered a severe and existencethreatening economic crisis in the early 1990s, which resulted in an almost complete breakdown of the economy, the collapse of domestic production, serious energy and food shortages and a dire general supply situation (hoffMaNN 2009, 104;stricker 2010, 185). Between 1989 and 1993, Cuba's GDP dropped by 35 %, and its imports plummeted by nearly 80 % (BoroWy 2013, 18;Morris 2014, 15;suárez et al 2012, 2727. Moreover, domestic output almost stalled in many sectors, with 80 % of the domestic production capacity falling idle (zeuske 2016, 207), and due to the drop in food imports (accounting for 55 % of calories consumed in Cuba by 1989) and a lack of imported fuels, pesticides, fertilisers and other farm inputs, food production and distribution crumpled, severely threatening food security, with the per-capita kilocalorie consumption dropping from 2,899 in 1989 to 1, 863 in 1993863 in (BoroWy 2013MurPhy 1999, 8-9).…”

Section: Economic Crisis and Political Economic Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

International tourism and urban transformation in Old Havana

Völkening¹,

Benz²,

Schmidt³

2019

Erdkunde

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Cuba is currently experiencing an unprecedented boom in international tourism, and the Cuban state has actively supported tourism expansion as a strategic means to increase greatly needed foreign currency income, in order to sustain its socialist system. In Havana, Cuba's gateway city for international tourists and-with its colonial old town bestowed with UNESCO world heritage status-one of its touristic hotspots, this tourism boom is felt most profoundly. The old town has been subject to far-reaching processes of urban restructuring, driven by state-run urban renewal projects, thereby increasing touristic influx and the gradual displacement of dwellers and resident-oriented urban functions by tourism-oriented ventures. This article provides an analysis of the recent spatio-structural urban transformation processes in Habana Vieja, highlighting particularly its interrelations with international tourism, the role of the Cuban government as a major tourism facilitator and the state-run old town restoration programme. Our analysis shows that in the context of old town restructuring in Havana, the Cuban government often favours touristic needs over those of local dwellers, albeit some of them may indeed profit from increasing touristification. Meanwhile, the government is willing to accept, at least in controlled settings, market-based developments otherwise strongly opposed by official state ideology Zusammenfassung: Kuba erlebt derzeit einen beispiellosen Boom des internationalen Tourismus. Die Ausweitung des touristischen Angebots wurde und wird aktiv und gezielt von staatlicher Seite vorangetrieben, um das sozialistische System mit den erwirtschafteten und dringend benötigten Devisen zu stützen. In Havanna, das den primären Ankunftsort für internationale Touristen und mit seiner zum UNESCO-Weltkulturerbe ernannten Altstadt einen touristischen Hotspot in Kuba darstellt, wird dieser Boom am deutlichsten. Habana Vieja, die Altstadt von Havanna, unterliegt hierbei weitreichenden urbanen Transformationsprozessen. Getrieben werden diese durch staatliche Sanierungsprojekte, den stetig wachsenden Zustrom an Touristen und die damit verbundene Verdrängung von lokaler Bevölkerung und Versorgungsinfrastrukturen zugunsten touristischer Nutzungen. Dieser Beitrag analysiert die jüngeren Prozesse räumlich-struktureller Transformation in Habana Vieja unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Auswirkungen des internationalen Tourismus, die Rolle der kubanischen Regierung als maßgeblicher Förderer des Tourismus und die staatlichen Programme zur Altstadtsanierung. Unsere Analyse verdeutlicht, dass die kubanische Regierung im Zuge der Altstadtsanierung vielfach touristische Bedürfnisse über die der lokalen Bevölkerung stellt, auch wenn Teile dieser von der zunehmenden ‚Touristifizierung' profitieren können. Die Regierung ist indessen bereit, marktwirtschaftliche Entwicklungen, zumindest in einem kontrollierten Rahmen, zuzulassen.

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Section: Economic Crisis and Political Economic Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

International tourism and urban transformation in Old Havana

Völkening¹,

Benz²,

Schmidt³

2019

Erdkunde

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“…In the field of agriculture, for incorporating credit in mathematical programming models, the year is divided into time periods and the circulating capital requirements are added in each of them [5]. If credits are acquired, the interest payments must be added as a cost in the objective function.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Goal Programming as a Tool for Measuring the Sustainability of Agricultural Production Chains of Rice

Silva

Varela

Lezama

et al. 2019

Advances in Neural Networks – ISNN 2019

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Agricultural activity is characterized by an intensive use of capital and a considerable dependence on external financing. Access to credit is often limited by the scarcity of resources and lack of guarantees, seriously affecting the productivity and economic performance of agricultural exploitations. The objective of this paper is to assess the sustainability of agricultural production chain of rice in Latin America using multi-criteria analysis tools to facilitate decision-making through a benchmarking process to contribute to their economic sustainability. The implementation of the model in an exploitation typy depending on financing sources (conservative, intermediate, and innovative) has revealed the conflict between the goals, being the intermediate exploitation, which gets the best results. The conclusions show that the flexibilization of financing options positively affects the economic performance.

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“…Generally, the concept of 'rational use of land' is widely referred to in studies on land restoration and conservation such as in studies from Ukraine (Bondarets et al, 2014), China (Wang et al, 2014) and Poland (Zurawska-Seta & Barczak, 2012). And 'rational' is frequently interchangeably used with 'sustainable' as recent academic articles show from Cuba (Suárez et al, 2012), Romania (Belic & Rajkovic, 2010) and Ethiopia (Tefera & Sterk, 2010). Thus, there is a need to clearly define the concepts and approaches that frame SLM, taking into consideration the historic context and differentiating SLM from RULR.…”

Section: Sustainable Land Management In Central Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Research–Action Interface in Sustainable Land Management in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan: Challenges and Recommendations

2015

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International agencies and programmes introduced sustainable land management (SLM) to Central Asia after the former Soviet Republics became independent in 1991. An aim of early SLM initiatives was to address challenges linked to the transformation of the agricultural sector from a centrally planned economy to a decentralized market economy. This article analyses the knowledge–action interface in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan as it relates to SLM. The analysis focuses on the influence of underlying land management concepts by means of a literature review. Contemporary barriers at the research–action interface were identified using participatory appraisal. And a historically contextualized understanding of the effectiveness of interactions between researchers, policy makers and practitioners is based on an analysis of purposefully selected cases. The study concludes that knowledge of different stakeholder groups is often highly disconnected. Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary studies are rare, and academic research on SLM has subsequently been ineffective at contributing to substantial benefits for society. Further, researchers, policy makers and practitioners in this context must recognize the differences between SLM and what is often referred to as the equivalent Soviet‐era concept—rational use of land resources—and the resulting implications of these differences. The authors recommend the following: creating an enabling environment for SLM research through academic institutional reform removing structural constraints, making research outcomes more effective by applying systems approaches that produce evidence for policy makers on the multiple benefits of SLM, helping land users evaluate SLM strategies and investing in the establishment and maintenance of a multi‐stakeholder SLM platform that allows dynamic exchange. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Energy, environment and development in Cuba

Cited by 34 publications

References 1 publication

International tourism and urban transformation in Old Havana

International tourism and urban transformation in Old Havana

The Goal Programming as a Tool for Measuring the Sustainability of Agricultural Production Chains of Rice

The Research–Action Interface in Sustainable Land Management in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan: Challenges and Recommendations

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