Energy expenditure in small children of obese and non-obese parents

Griffiths, M; Payne, Philip R. O.

doi:10.1038/260698a0

Cited by 153 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This similarity in EI between lean and obese children has also been observed in earlier studies. 1,3,14,23 The close correspondence between mean TEE measured by DLW and mean reported EI in LR and HR children indicates that their reported EI are likely to be representative. In contrast, there was some evidence of under-reporting in the OB group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Energy and fat intake in obese and lean children at varying risk of obesity

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE:This study compared lean children at high risk (HR) and low risk (LR) of obesity and obese children (OB) to assess the relationship between their energy (EI) and fat intake and adiposity. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of energy and fat intake in children, using 7-day weighed intakes validated by doubly labelled water (DLW) energy expenditure. SUBJECTS: A total of 114 pre-pubertal children, 50 HR (mean AE s.d., 6.7 AE 0.6 y, 25.7 AE 4.8 kg, 21.3 AE 6.6% body fat), 50 LR (mean AE s.d., 6.6 AE 0.8 y, 23.6 AE 3.7 kg, 18.9 AE 5.7% body fat) and 14 OB (mean AE s.d., 6.8 AE 1.0 y, 37.7 AE 5.3 kg, 34.8 AE 5.6% body fat). MEASUREMENTS: Body fatness was measured using deuterium dilution, total energy expenditure (TEE) by DLW and dietary intake using 7-day weighed records. RESULTS: EI was 98% of TEE in LR children, 95% in HR children and 86% in OB children. Although EI was similar in each group (LR, 7.03 AE 1.26 MJ=day; HR, 7.30 AE 1.46 MJ=day; OB, 7.55 AE 1.67 MJ=day), obese children consumed more fat in absolute (g) and relative (percentage energy) terms than LR children (LR, 68 AE 13 g, 36.4 AE 4.2%; OB, 80 AE 25 g, 39.5 AE 4.6%; P < 0.05). There was a significant linear trend towards increasing fat intake (percentage energy) with increasing risk of obesity (P < 0.05). While HR children were heavier and fatter than LR children (P < 0.05), their EI and fat intake were not significantly greater (HR, 73 AE 17 g, 37.3 AE 4.4%). Dietary fat intake (percentage energy) was weakly but significantly related to body fatness (r 2 ¼ 0.05, P ¼ 0.02) by step-wise regression. Since energy from fat was the only macronutrient that was a significant predictor of body fatness, results were therefore analysed using quartiles of fat intake (percentage energy) as cut-offs. When grouped in this way children with the lowest intakes were leaner than those with the highest intakes (19.5 AE 7.5 vs 24.9 AE 9.4% body fatness; P < 0.05). There was a significant trend for increasing fatness as fat intake increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Fat intake is related to body fatness in childhood.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Energy and fat intake in obese and lean children at varying risk of obesity

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Relatively few studies are available concerning the genetic influence on RMR. Griffith and Payne [10] demonstrated that children of obese parents had a lower energy expenditure when compared to children of lean parents. Such results suggest the presence of a metabolic difference that is not secondary to an obese state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IP address: 54.191.190.102, on 11 May 2018 at 07:38:54, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use lean to fat tissues, ambient and body temperatures, nutritional status and hormonal balance are thought to be implicated in such variations [3]. Moreover, it has been suggested that resting energy expenditure exhibited inherited differences [10], but this phenomenon has not completely been elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting Metabolic Rate in Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins

Fontaine

Savard

Tremblay

et al. 1985

Acta genet. med. gemellol.: twin res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In order to study the influence of heredity on resting metabolic rate (RMR), 20 monozygotic and 19 dizygotic male twin pairs aged 20.6 (SD 2.9) and 21.4 (SD 3.1) years, gave their consent to participate in the experiment. Fat free weight (FFW) was estimated from underwater weighing. RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry using an open circuit system. RMR was expressed as kJ • min -1 , kJ/m 2 • h _1 , kJ/kg • h" 1 and kJ/kgFFW • h" 1 . Significant intraclass coefficients were observed in MZ twins for the different expressions of RMR. The values ranged from r = 0.45 (P < 0.05) to r = 0.81 (P < 0.01). However, DZ twins demonstrated lower intraclass coefficients for RMR, with a range from r = 0.21 to r = 0.44. Significant (P < 0.05) DZ resemblance was revealed only when RMR was expressed as kJ • min -1 and kJ/kg • h -1 . Results of the present study suggest that variations in RMR may have a genetic component. Implications for human energy balance and body fat are discussed.

show abstract

“…91,92 Children of obese vs lean parents have also been examined as a model of`preobesity'. One study showed that children of obese parents had a reduced energy expenditure, including physical activity energy expenditure, 93 whereas another study did not. 94 Other`pre-obese' models that have been used to study the potential role of energy expenditure on the etiology of obesity include examination of ethnic groups at higher risk of obesity (for example, Mohawk Indians and African-Americans).…”

Section: Physical Activity and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of physical activity in the prevention of obesity in children

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity and its concomitant health risks justify widespread efforts toward prevention. Although both diet and physical activity have been emphasized as appropriate interventions, the current paper focuses on the role of physical activity in obesity prevention. Children's levels of physical activity are highly variable, and may be in¯uenced by a multitude of factors including physiological, psychological, sociocultural and environmental determinants. Although the relationship between physical activity and obesity is controversial and the protective mechanism unclear, physical activity is hypothesized to protect individuals from the development of obesity by increasing energy expenditure and resting metabolic rate (RMR) and leading to a favourable fuel utilization. The bene®cial effect of physical activity in children is supported by controlled exercise intervention programs. Several broad-based public health interventions designed to increase children's levels of physical activity have been implemented in schools, families and communities, with results suggesting promising strategies for the prevention of childhood obesity. It is likely that successful prevention of childhood obesity through physical activity promotion will involve theory-based, culturally appropriate school, family and community interventions. Through policy changes, environmental planning and educational efforts in schools and communities, increased opportunities and encouragement for physical activity can be provided.

show abstract

Energy expenditure in small children of obese and non-obese parents

Cited by 153 publications

References 5 publications

Energy and fat intake in obese and lean children at varying risk of obesity

Energy and fat intake in obese and lean children at varying risk of obesity

Resting Metabolic Rate in Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins

Role of physical activity in the prevention of obesity in children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About