Energy Flows and Carbon Footprint in the Forestry-Pulp and Paper Industry

Abstract

In the context of global climate change, energy conservation and greenhouse effect gases (GHG) reduction are major challenges to mankind. The forestry-pulp and paper industry is a typical high energy consumption and high emission industry. We conducted in-depth research on the energy flows and carbon footprint of the forestry-pulp paper industry. The results show that: (1) The main sources of energy supply include external fossil fuel coal and internal biomass fuel black liquor, which supply 30,057,300 GJ and 14,854,000 GJ respectively; in addition, the energy produced by diesel in material transportation reaches 11,624,256 GJ. (2) The main energy consumption processes include auxiliary engineering projects, material transportation, papermaking, alkali recovery, pulping and other production workshops. The percentages of energy consumption account for 26%, 18%, 15%, 10% and 6%, respectively. (3) The main sources of carbon include coal and forest biomass, reaching 770,000 tons and 1.39 million tons, respectively. (4) Carbon emissions mainly occur in fuel combustion in combined heating and power (CHP) and diesel combustion in material transportation, reaching 6.78 million tons and 790,000 tons of carbon, respectively. (5) Based on steam and electricity consumption, the indirect carbon emissions of various thermal and electric energy production units were calculated, and the key energy consumption process units and hotspot carbon flow paths were further found. This research established a theoretical and methodological basis for energy conservation and emission reduction.

Time dynamic climate impacts of a eucalyptus pulp product: Life cycle assessment including biogenic carbon and substitution effects

“…This surplus energy was redirected to the national grid in form of electricity where it was considered to cause substitution of marginal mixes, whose modeling was based on Hagberg et al (2017) and MIEM (2019; Supporting Information S1). For the recovery boiler, an efficiency of 67% was assumed, based on Zhao et al (2019).…”

The role of low carbon and high carbon materials in carbon neutrality science and carbon economics

“…Few measurements of the cultivation carbon (C cij ) of wood in forest plantations are reported, but a recent estimate is 0.01 t CO 2 t -1 of Eucalyptus logs for both it and extraction carbon in China. The main source of emissions is using diesel oil in trucks and equipment (130).…”

Relation between Energy Efficiency and GHG Emissions in Drying Units Using Forest Biomass

“…1 Forced air corresponds to CU with clamp and loose leaf. 2 The number of greenhouses mentioned above corresponds to a total of 10,877 tobacco growers whiting JTI (Japan Tobacco International), producing an average of 3980 kg of tobacco per CU. conventional adapted for pellets CU.…”

“…Climate change brings a series of implications for various sectors of society, requiring mitigation and re-adaptation measures capable of minimizing the risks involved [1], and with energy efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction being the most significant challenges for humanity [2]. Hence, sustainability strategies need to be implemented by all sectors and emphasizing aspects that contribute to the new concept of a green economy or low carbon economy, which focuses on minimizing socio-environmental impacts and is sustained by three pillars: low carbon intensity, efficiency in the use of natural resources, and being socially inclusive [3].…”