Energy levels of A = 21–44 nuclei (VI)

Endt, P.M.; Leun, C. van der

doi:10.1016/0375-9474(78)90611-5

Cited by 1,047 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 2,510 publications

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“…g From present reanalysis of 27Al(3He, d)28Si stripping data of Champagne et al 1986. h Estimated by using measured values of (Endt & van der Leun 1978), (Champagne et al 1988) Mackh et al 1973. q Doublet of states at and 9024^2 keV with Jn \ 3~and 6~(4~), respectively ; only the total contribution E x \ 9023^2 is given here.…”

Section: Appendix B Nuclear Physics Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contributions of eight natural parity E R cm º 486 states close to the proton threshold were taken into account. The corresponding resonance strengths have been estimated from measurements of (Endt & van der Leun 1978), and (Champagne et al 1988), and…”

Section: B5 the 27al( P A)24mg Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resonances were measured for E R cm \ 50È2828 keV. Measured strengths have been adopted from Endt & van der Leun (1978) and from Endt (1998) and E R cm º 301 references therein. The uc values have been normalized by using the results listed in Table 1.…”

Section: B13 the 35cl( P C)36ar Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resonances were measured for E R cm \ 50È2838 keV. Measured strengths have been adopted from Endt & van der Leun (1978) and references therein. The E R cm \ 849 contributions of 18 states close to the proton threshold were taken into account.…”

Section: B13 the 35cl( P C)36ar Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E p \ 550È860 For this region we adopted for the experimental upper limits quoted in Kuperus, Glaudemans, & Endt (1963). The uc pa contribution of low-energy wings of broad resonances has been calculated from measured resonance strengths and widths (Endt & van der Leun 1978). The contribution of subthreshold states has been neglected (see Ross et al 1995).…”

Section: B13 the 35cl( P C)36ar Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proton‐induced Thermonuclear Reaction Rates for A = 20–40 Nuclei

Iliadis

D’Auria

Starrfield

et al. 2001

ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S

286

419

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Proton-induced reaction rates on 26 stable and 29 unstable target nuclei in the mass A \ 20È40 region have been evaluated and compiled. Recommended reaction rates, assuming that all interacting nuclei are in the ground state, are presented in tabular form on a temperature grid in the range T \ 0.01È10.0 GK. Most reaction rates involving stable targets were normalized to a set of measured standard resonance strengths in the sd shell. For the majority of reaction rates, experimental information from transfer reaction studies has been used consistently. Our results are compared with recent statistical model (HauserFeshbach) calculations. Reaction rate uncertainties are presented and amount to several orders of magnitude for many of the reactions. Several of these reaction rates and/or their corresponding uncertainties deviate from results of previous compilations. In most cases, the deviations are explained by the fact that new experimental information became available recently. Examples are given for calculating reaction rates and reverse reaction rates for thermally excited nuclei from the present results. The survey of literature for this review was concluded in 2000 August.

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Section: Appendix B Nuclear Physics Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B5 the 27al( P A)24mg Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B13 the 35cl( P C)36ar Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B13 the 35cl( P C)36ar Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B13 the 35cl( P C)36ar Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Proton‐induced Thermonuclear Reaction Rates for A = 20–40 Nuclei

Iliadis

D’Auria

Starrfield

et al. 2001

ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S

286

419

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Nuclear Reaction Analysis and Proton‐Induced Gamma Ray Emission

Vizkelethy

2002

Characterization of Materials

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Nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) and proton‐ (particle‐) induced gamma ray emission (PIGE) are based on the interaction of energetic (from a few hundred kilo‐electron‐volt to several mega‐electron‐volt) ions with light nuclei. Every nuclear analytical technique that uses nuclear reactions has a unique feature—isotope sensitivity. Therefore, it is insensitive to matrix effects, and there is much less interference than in methods where signals from different elements overlap. In NRA the nuclear reaction produces charged particles, while in PIGE the excited nucleus emits gamma rays. Sometimes the charged particle emission and the gamma ray emission occur simultaneously. Both NRA and PIGE measure the concentration and depth distribution of elements in the surface layer (few micrometers) of the sample. Both techniques are limited by the available nuclear reactions. Generally, they can be used for only light elements, up to calcium. This is the basis for an important property of these methods: the nuclear reaction technique is one of the few analytical techniques that can quantitatively measure hydrogen profiles in solids. Since these techniques are sensitive to the nuclei in the sample, they are unable to provide information about the chemical states and bonds of the elements in the sample. For the same reason they cannot provide information about the microscopic structure of the sample. Combined with channeling, NRA or PIGE can provide information about the location of the measured element in a crystalline lattice. The sensitivity and depth resolution of these methods depend on the specific nuclear reaction. Although NRA and PIGE are quantitative, in most cases standards have to be used. These techniques require a particle accelerator capable of accelerating ions up to several mega‐electron‐volts. This limits their availability to laboratories dedicated to these methods or that have engaged in low‐energy nuclear physics in the past (i.e., they have a particle accelerator that is no longer adequate for modern nuclear physics experiments because of its low energy but is quite suitable for nuclear analytical techniques). This article concentrates on the specific aspects of these two nuclear analytical techniques.

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Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Demortier

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) is one among the numerous analytical techniques involving the irradiation of a material with energetic particles. In NRA methods we exclude any remnant radioactivity together with interactions leading to the scattering of the incident particle only: this last procedure leads to RBS (Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy) and ERD (elastic recoil detection). In NRA the nature of the emitted particle used as an analytical signal is obviously different from that of the incident one. In order to avoid permanent radioactivity, the energy of the projectile is maintained at a sufficiently low value (below 6 MeV, easily available using a small accelerator). Consequently, due to the large coulomb barrier around heavy nuclei, only light nuclei may be easily identified (atomic mass less than or equal to 30). After discussing the kinematics and fundamentals of the interactions, we present examples of applications in material sciences, archaeological and biological materials.

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Energy levels of A = 21–44 nuclei (VI)

Cited by 1,047 publications

References 2,510 publications

Proton‐induced Thermonuclear Reaction Rates for A = 20–40 Nuclei

Proton‐induced Thermonuclear Reaction Rates for A = 20–40 Nuclei

Nuclear Reaction Analysis and Proton‐Induced Gamma Ray Emission

Nuclear Reaction Analysis

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