Energy Losses in Cross Junctions

Sharp, Zachary B.; Johnson, Michael C.; Barfuss, Steven L.; Rahmeyer, William J.

doi:10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0000126

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…a. To study the losses of static head, equation (5)(6) the highest -difference between the water level in the assembly tank and the lowest water level in the river (H s max ) which is within 7 m is studied. The lowest difference between the water level of the assembly tank and the highest level of the river level (H s min ), which is within 4 m. equation (6) .We use the highest difference between the water levels to design the required set, which represents ( H s max =7 m) which represents the static head of the system,equation ( 5), as shown in figure ( 2) b.…”

Section: Methods Of Calculation To Study Any Pumping Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where the amount of static pressure is variable due to the change of the water level of the source (river) and two values of static pressure can be calculated, one represents the upper value of the haed (H s max ) and the other the minimum value of haed (H s min ), and calculated by the difference between the water level of the water reservoir and the water level of the water source. It can also be calculated through,[5]:…”

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confidence: 99%

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Theoretical Study to Choose The Appropriate Pumps To Solve The Problem of Low Water Levels of The Iraqi Rivers With The Design of A Floating Pumping Station

2020

QJAS

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A study was prepared to select the appropriate pumps for pump stations in order to predict the decrease in the level of Iraq's rivers in general and problems in the pumping stations as a result of this decrease in addition the study was prepared to address the problems in the water pumping projects (pumping stations) in 2019 at the University of Baghdad, the study can be applied for all central and subsidiary water pumping projects spread throughout the provinces, note that the study includes the ( introduction of basic data such as the rise of the river level, dimension the location of the pump for the river, the required height for pumping water and the amount of water required to pump (m3/h), the diameter of the pipes to be used, connecting accessories, the number of entrances and exits of the system, check valves etc..). The study also includes the design of a floating pumping station to address the problem and the study also aims to reduce the financial cost in terms of the use of ideal pump set (motor + pump) for river level (upper and lower ) and thus reduce the engine horsepower, i.e. reducing the power of the engine required for operation, in addition to reducing the cost to buy expensive pumps with high horsepower, reducing the sizes and types of pipes used, as well as reducing the connecting accessories, and thus we have solved technical and economic problems at the same time.

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Section: Methods Of Calculation To Study Any Pumping Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Study to Choose The Appropriate Pumps To Solve The Problem of Low Water Levels of The Iraqi Rivers With The Design of A Floating Pumping Station

2020

QJAS

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“…Benedict et al (1966), Astarita and Greco (1968), and Bullen et al (1987) tested reducer and expansion fittings, or contractions and enlargements in pipes. Sharp et al (2009) tested cross junctions, Itō et al (1984) tested 90° wyes, andRuus (1970) tested 45°, 60°, and 90° wyes and manifolds. Keulegan and Beij (1937) and Beij (1938) were not conducted using pipe fittings, rather they studied curved pipes and pipe bends.…”

Section: Other Sources Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-art review on measurement of pressure losses of fluid flow through pipe fittings

Lin¹

2022

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This report presents a state-of-the-art review of the measurement of pressure loss of pipe fittings. The mechanisms of pressure loss in pipes and fittings are discussed to facilitate the understanding of this these measurement and their challenges problem. Existing methods for measuring the pressure loss of pipe fittings are critically reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of each method and other general considerations are discussed. The instrumentation techniques are illustrated in detail, including guidelines and considerations for the design or selection of pressure taps, impulse lines, pressure transducers, and flow meters. The available pressure loss data of pipe fittings, published from 1926 to 2019, are reviewed. In general, most of the existing data are not representative of modern pipe fittings and flow conditions. Future research efforts are described to focus on developing a standard method of test and terminology, and generating new representative data for modern pipe fittings.

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“…Cross junction friction fac tor recently represented by Sharp et al [25], was applied in loss calculations. Cross junction friction fac tor recently represented by Sharp et al [25], was applied in loss calculations.…”

Section: Quasi-id Fluid Flow and Convective Heat Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-objective Design Optimization of Branching, Multifloor, Counterflow Microheat Exchangers

Abdoli

Dulikravich

2014

Journal of Heat Transfer

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M u lti-o b je c tiv e D es ig n O p tim iz a tio n of B ran ch in g , M u ltiflo o r, C o u n te rflo w M ic ro h e a t E xch an g ersHeat removal capacity, coolant pumping power requirement, and surface temperature nonuniformity are three major challenges facing single-phase flow microchannel com pact heat exchangers. In this paper multi-objective optimization has been performed to increase heat removal capacity, and decrease pumping power and temperature nonuni formity in complex networks of microchannels. Three-dimensional (3D) four-floor config urations of counterflow branching networks of microchannels were optimized to increase heat removal capacity from surrounding silicon substrate (15 x 15 x 2 mm). Each floor has four different branching subnetworks with opposite flow direction with respect to the next one. Each branching subnetwork has four inlets and one outlet. Branching patterns of each o f these subnetworks could be different from the others. Quasi-3D conjugate heat transfer analysis has been performed by developing a software package which uses quasi-ID thermofluid analysis and a 3D steady heat conduction analysis. These two solv ers were coupled through their common boundaries representing surfaces of the cooling microchannels. Using quasi-3D conjugate analysis was found to require one order of magnitude less computing time than a fully 3D conjugate heat transfer analysis while offering comparable accuracy for these types of application. The analysis package is ca pable of generating 3D branching networks with random topologies. Multi-objective opti mization using modeFRONTIER software was performed using response surface approximation and genetic algorithm. Diameters and branching pattern of each subnet work and coolant flow direction on each floor were design variables of multi-objective optimization. Maximizing heat removal capacity, while minimizing coolant pumping power requirement and temperature nonuniformity on the hot surface, were three simul taneous objectives of the optimization. Pareto-optimal solutions demonstrate that thermal loads of up to 500 Wlcm2 can be managed with four-floor microchannel cooling networks. A fully 3D thermofluid analysis was performed for one of the optimal designs to confirm the accuracy of results obtained by the quasi-3D simulation package used in this paper.

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Energy Losses in Cross Junctions

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Theoretical Study to Choose The Appropriate Pumps To Solve The Problem of Low Water Levels of The Iraqi Rivers With The Design of A Floating Pumping Station

Theoretical Study to Choose The Appropriate Pumps To Solve The Problem of Low Water Levels of The Iraqi Rivers With The Design of A Floating Pumping Station

State-of-the-art review on measurement of pressure losses of fluid flow through pipe fittings

Multi-objective Design Optimization of Branching, Multifloor, Counterflow Microheat Exchangers

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