Energy management and power flow of decoupled generation system for power conditioning of renewable energy sources

Hexagonal Arrays of Cylindrical Nickel Microstructures for Improved Oxygen Evolution Reaction

“…[13][14] However, it remains a challenge to expand fuel storage capacity, as well as to provide safe long-term storage of hydrogen. 4,[8][9][10][11][12] Due to such limitations, the use of PEMFCs have been predominantly focused on mobile systems with a reduced capacity (e.g., forklifts, cars, and buses) relative to the capacity required to buffer the differ-ences between the cycles of power generation from alternative means and the continuous demands of the grid. 4,[8][9] Other types of fuel cells, such as the zinc-air fuel cell (ZAFC), are being developed as alternative stationary power needs.…”

“…In this study, arrays of cylindrical Ni microstructures were prepared on top of planar Ni electrodes to seek a structure property correlation for guiding the preparation of electrode designs that improve the efficiencies of electrolysis systems. In an effort to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and our carbon emissions, the use of alternative methods for energy generation that are cleaner and more easily renewed, such as through capturing solar energy and harnessing wind energy, have become increasingly prominent in recent years. − However, due to the intermittent nature of these alternative energy sources, a reliable method is required for saving excess power for storage or transportation. , Potential solutions to our storage needs include fuel cells and batteries, such as lead acid, nickel metal hydride, and lithium-ion batteries. ,,− Fuel cells that utilize gaseous fuels, such as hydrogen, have been demonstrated to be a cost-effective power source. − This type of fuel cell also has the advantage of decoupling their power-generation (i.e., fuel-consumption) and fuel-generation systems so the systems can be effectively charged while simultaneously generating power . Stored hydrogen fuel, for example, can be transported to different locations for use in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). , However, it remains a challenge to expand fuel storage capacity as well as to provide safe long-term storage of hydrogen. ,− Due to such limitations, the use of PEMFCs have been predominantly focused on mobile systems with a reduced capacity (e.g., forklifts, cars, and buses) relative to the capacity required to buffer the differences between the cycles of power generation from alternative means and the continuous demands of the grid. ,, Other types of fuel cells, such as the zinc-air fuel cell (ZAFC), are being developed as alternative stationary power needs.…”

Application of induction squirrel cage machine as a generator in ship electric network

“…The additional cost and more complex system is compensated by gained significant profit, which is included in possibility to drive generators with different speed. Moreover the common DC link circuit enables to connect others type of energy sourcesrenewable, like for example solar batteries [4]. Some other profit contains in very simple control of amount of energy, which is absorbed from each generator system in parallel connection.…”

Ultracapacitor integration for short‐term energy management in a hybrid system

“…A lot of work has been done to investigate optimal sizing and control strategies for ultracapacitors‐batteries association (Li, W. et al , 2010; Guoju et al , 2010; Li and Joos, 2008), for ultracapacitors using Qu and Wei (2009), Li, X. et al (2008), Abbey and Joos (2007) and Koczara et al (2008a) or for classical capacitor using Li, W. et al (2006) integration in a wind energy hybrid system. In Qu and Wei (2009), Li and Joos (2008), Abbey and Joos (2007) and Li, W. et al (2006, 2010), the generator is linked to the grid through back‐to‐back converters.…”

“…The sizing method of the storage devices is detailed in Li and Joos (2008) and Li, W. et al (2006). The energy saving method based on a decoupled variable speed generating system is proposed in Koczara et al (2008a, b). So, it appears that considerable amount of work has been done in aims to mitigate the wind generator fluctuating energy by using UC .…”