Energy performance and degradation over 20 years performance of BP c-Si PV modules

Kaplanis, Socrates; Kaplani, Eleni

doi:10.1016/j.simpat.2010.07.009

Cited by 111 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Age effect could be due to change in the internal sensor or in the diffusing material. Changes due to aging and weathering have been noted for photovoltaic modules (Kaplanis and Kaplani 2011). Further study is warranted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Improving the calibration of silicon photodiode pyranometers

Walter‐Shea

Hubbard

Mesarch

et al. 2018

Meteorol Atmos Phys

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Reliable measurements of global irradiance are essential for research and practical applications. Silicon photodiode pyranometers (SiPs) offer low-cost sensors to measure direct and diffuse irradiance despite their non-uniform spectral response over the 300-1000 nm spectral range. In this study, non-adjusted linear and adjusted calibrations were applied at different times of the year to determine sources of estimated errors in global irradiance due to the two calibration approaches, calibration time, and sensor age. 16 SiPs, along with two standards, measured incident global irradiance over a 5-year period under a range of sky conditions. Sensors performed best in the months in which they were calibrated when using the linear calibration approach. With the solar zenith angle adjusted calibration approach, certain calibration months provide a defendable validation for the following 12 months [ranging an average of 13.5-17.4 W m −2 standard error (SE)], while other calibration months do not provide consistent results and sometimes result in very poor validation (31.1-242.7 W m −2 SE). Older sensors (greater than 6 years) in general become more sensitive to solar zenith angle and their response drifts over time, while newer SiPs performed better than older sensors. Calibrations which accounted for solar zenith angle effects improved global irradiance estimates for older SiPs. For the Lincoln NE location, the appropriate calibration is in spring or late summer, regardless of calibration approach. These results indicate that solar zenith angle correction is not needed for largely diffuse components under cloudy conditions, so that in the future, a "smart" calibration may be possible, where diffuse radiation fractions are known. digitalcommons.unl.edu W a l t e r -S h e a i n M e t e o r o l o g y a n d A t m o s p h e r i c P h y s i c s( 2 0 1 8 ) 2

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Improving the calibration of silicon photodiode pyranometers

Walter‐Shea

Hubbard

Mesarch

et al. 2018

Meteorol Atmos Phys

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“…′ , ′ were first converted to S.T.C. (AM=1.5, G=1000 W/m 2 , T c =25 o C) based on the following equations [10,14]:…”

Section: Performance Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance degradation of the modules may be evaluated qualitatively based on the shape of their I-V curve through the deformations observed or radical changes in module shunt resistance R sh (through the slope of the I-V curve at I sc ) and series resistance R s (through the slope of the curve at V=V oc ) [10]; and may be quantitatively assessed in terms of reductions in their electrical characteristics when compared to the factory ratings. Two important measures of module degradation are the power degradation measured as the relative change in the peak power δP m /P m , and the relative change in the fill factor δFF/FF as given by the following equations [16]:…”

Section: Performance Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The progression of ageing is generally measured in percentage/ per year, although studies have reported besides linear the possibility for a geometric and exponential progression [9,10]. However, due to the complicate nature by which these ageing effects appear, progress, transform and cause further degradation effects, prediction of the exact progression of ageing may be difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the complicate nature by which these ageing effects appear, progress, transform and cause further degradation effects, prediction of the exact progression of ageing may be difficult. Nowadays, natural ageing effects in old c-Si modules operating already in fieldconditions for several years may be observed [6,10,11]. Stronger ageing effects may be induced by external factors causing continuous or severe damage to the module, including overlaying dust, dirt and bird droppings, surrounding vegetation or fence, causing continuous partial or total shading and localized temperature increase [12], strong winds and hail causing mechanical shocks, damage of the front glass, back sheet or frame of the module.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation Effects in sc -‐ Si PV Modules Subjected to Natural and Induced Ageing after Several Years of Field Operation

Kaplani¹

2012

JESTR

Self Cite

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This paper presents ageing effects observed in sc--Si PV modules operating in field conditions for 18 and over 22 years. The effects of both natural ageing processes and induced ageing by external agents, causing partial or total shading of cells for a prolonged period of time, are examined. Optical degradation effects observed through visual inspection include discoloration of the EVA, degradation of the AR coating, degradation of the interface between the cell and encapsulant, corrosion of busbars and fingers, and tears, bubbles and humidity ingress at the back surface of the modules. Thermal degradation effects examined via IR thermography reveal the existence of hot cells, hotspots on the busbars, and colder bubbles. Modules' power and performance degradation is assessed through I--V curve analysis. Results show naturally aged modules to exhibit milder ageing effects than modules subjected to induced ageing, an outcome also supported by their power degradation ratio.

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A Smart Energy‐Efficient Support System for PV Power Plants

Ammach

Qaisar

2022

Intelligent Green Technologies for Sustainable Smart Cities

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Energy performance and degradation over 20 years performance of BP c-Si PV modules

Cited by 111 publications

References 8 publications

Improving the calibration of silicon photodiode pyranometers

Improving the calibration of silicon photodiode pyranometers

Degradation Effects in sc -‐ Si PV Modules Subjected to Natural and Induced Ageing after Several Years of Field Operation

A Smart Energy‐Efficient Support System for PV Power Plants

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Energy performance and degradation over 20 years performance of BP c-Si PV modules

Cited by 111 publications

References 8 publications

Improving the calibration of silicon photodiode pyranometers

Improving the calibration of silicon photodiode pyranometers

Degradation Effects in sc -­‐ Si PV Modules Subjected to Natural and Induced Ageing after Several Years of Field Operation

A Smart Energy‐Efficient Support System for PV Power Plants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Degradation Effects in sc -‐ Si PV Modules Subjected to Natural and Induced Ageing after Several Years of Field Operation