Energy saving retrofit in a heritage district: The case of the Budapest

Retrofit Strategies for Energy Efficiency of Historic Urban Fabric in Mediterranean Climate

“…Almost all studies combine single retrofit solutions, and then use these as multiple retrofit packages. Considering the district scale, Broström et al (2014) [26] and Sugár et al (2020) [32] propose the installation of a district heating system as a prominent solution. Bonomo and Benardinis (2014) also concentrate on the integration of solar PV technologies not only into the building but also the urban and landscape scale in a historical settlement in Italy [33].…”

“…The reason is to speed up the decision-making process in determining retrofit solutions and provide a higher level of energy-efficient improvements [23,24,[27][28][29][30]34]. Several studies also present overall methodologies on deciding and evaluating the effects of energy-efficient retrofit solutions while avoiding the potential risks for historic building stock [23,31,32,35]. Eriksson et al (2014) presented a methodology developed for EU Historic Districts' Sustainability (EFFESUS) research project to analyze the impacts of energy-efficient measures on heritage significance in a historic district in Visby, Sweden [35].…”

“…ECMs are evaluated to decide their impact on heritage value and Santiago de Compostela, Spain was selected to test this method, as supported by 3D models. In the study of Sugar et al (2020), the heritage-respecting energetic retrofit methodology was developed for the historic building stock of Budapest, Hungary, based on the EPBD [32]. Blumberga et al (2020) presented a decarbonization strategy of urban block in the historic center of Riga, Latvia by discussing the impact of energy efficiency measures on historic heritage values [31].…”

“…When planning large-scale retrofit process, extensive data collection and energy investigations are inevitable to define building characteristics, energy behavior and energy saving potential of building stock [23,31,32,34,36,37]. Building categorization is another significant indicator to determine urban typologies and, therefore, appropriate solutions are to be applied in accordance with district scale.…”

“…Multiple studies list various categorization criteria, such as type of building, purpose of use, number of floors, building geometry, construction year, building system and remarkable architectural characteristics and degree of protection, as well as heritage value. The most notable one is the heritage value [23,26,29,32,38,39].…”