Energy Sector of Ukraine and Its Role in the Development of a New Global Energy Security Paradigm

Abstract

The state, dynamics and development trends of the energy market of Ukraine in recent years are taken into consideration in the paper. The key problems of the global energy market are identified, in particular, persistent dependence on fossil fuels, lack of diversification of energy supply sources in most European countries, which endangers national and energy security. The structure of the energy sector of Ukraine is analyzed, its main formation elements, the prospects for development and involvement in the use of the country's energy resources on the European market are determined. The main components of energy security, approaches to their assessment and research are defined. It is noted that the main way to overcome existing threats in the energy market is to reduce dependence on external factors and identify internal reserves. The potential of the Ukrainian energy system is analyzed from the point of view of identifying the potential and integration into the world and European systems, providing the economy with energy resources. The current state of affairs regarding the formation of stocks for the winter period in Ukraine and the ability to supply the domestic market have been studied. The structure of the energy sector of the world's largest countries, including European ones, is defined. The main steps taken by the government to reform the Ukrainian energy market, including increasing the share of renewable energy sources, infrastructure development through integration and digital transformation (political, infrastructural and technological solutions) are indicated. The basic provisions of the European Green Course have been analyzed. The first results of the implementation of the latest energy security strategy, which envisages an increase in energy saving and energy efficiency, diversification of imports and integration into the EU energy space, are evaluated.