Energy supply security in the EU: Benchmarking diversity and dependence of primary energy

Chalvatzis, Konstantinos; Ioannidis, Alexis

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.07.010

Cited by 146 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The IEA has directly linked lower energy intensity to emission reduction; in extension to carbon intensity, and increased energy security [37,38]. However, countries differ from one another in energy and carbon intensity levels, presenting research interest for evaluating their performance, enabling further appraisal of their potential for intensity levels reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and carbon intensity: A study on the cross-country industrial shift from China to India and SE Asia

et al. 2018

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Highlights• Emissions intensity higher in India and SE Asia countries compared to China.• India's emissions intensity triple that of China in non-metallic minerals industry.• India's emissions intensity double that of China in iron and steel industry.• Indonesia's emissions intensity double that of China in non-metallic minerals sector.• Paris Agreement INDC commitments to be challenged by industrial relocation. Abstract 1The potential relocation of various industrial sectors from China to India and countries of the SE Asian region presents low cost opportunities for manufacturers, but also risks rising for energy demand and CO2 emissions. A cross-country shift of industrial output would present challenges for controlling emissions since India and SE Asian countries present higher industrial emissions intensity than China. We find that although there is a convergence in emissions intensity in the machinery manufacturing and paper and pulp industries, there are significant variations in all other industrial sectors. Indian emissions intensity is double that of China in the iron and steel and textile and leather industries and almost triple in the cement industry; Indonesian emissions intensity is almost double that of China in the non-metallic minerals and textile and leather industries and 50% higher in the chemical and petrochemical industry. We demonstrate that the expected higher emissions are driven by both a higher carbon fuel mix intensity in the recipient countries 1 and higher energy intensity in their industrial activities. While industrial relocation could benefit certain countries financially, it would impose considerable threats to their energy supply security and capacity to comply with their Paris Agreement commitments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and carbon intensity: A study on the cross-country industrial shift from China to India and SE Asia

et al. 2018

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“…However, the energy supply security level declined obviously in 2009, because, since the financial crisis hit in 2008, energy demand declined quickly leading to an oversupply of energy. Affected by the financial crisis, energy supply in many countries was weakened in 2009, such as in countries of the European South and Ireland [91].…”

Section: Energy Supply Security Index Forecasting Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, countries with high energy supply diversifications, such as Spain and Portugal, have a high energy supply security level. Taking Iceland as an example, it supplies approximately 89% of its primary energy with renewable resources, mainly geothermal and hydro, it is almost a zero-emissions island, the country has a low risk of energy supply and high security [91]. Looking at the long term, by 2050, China's total energy demand will reach 5.4 × 10 9 t/y.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Hybrid Method for China’s Energy Supply Security Forecasting Based on ARIMA and XGBoost

Пин

Zhang

2018

Energies

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Abstract:Energy supply security is a significant part of China's security, directly influencing national security and economic and social sustainability. To ensure both China's present and the future energy supply, it is essential to evaluate and forecast the energy supply level. However, forecasting the energy supply security level is difficult because energy supply security is dynamic, many factors affect it and there is a lack of accurate and comprehensive data. Therefore, based on previous studies and according to the characteristics of energy supply and the social development of China, first, the authors apply a comprehensive evaluation method to quantify the energy supply security. Second, based on the ARIMA-XGBoost hybrid model, the authors create two novel approaches for forecasting the energy supply security level of China. The authors find that: (1) energy supply security is dynamic, and green development has become the theme of China's energy development. The energy industry urgently needs to provide more high-quality ecological energy products to meet the people's desire for a beautiful ecological environment; (2) since the mean absolute percentage errors are below 4.5% when forecasting the energy supply security indicators, the ARIMA-XGBoost hybrid model is more accurate for forecasting China's energy supply security level and (3) the security level of China's energy supply has developed periodic features; the ESSI can improve by about 0.2 every five years, but, due to the low starting point and multiple types of constraints, it is difficult to reach the safety level in a short time.

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“…The International Energy Agency defines electricity supply security as the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price [13]. However, political stability, market liberalization and foreign affairs are nowadays linked to energy supply security [14]. As a consequence, it is important to be energy-independent to guarantee the energy security of a country [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offshore Wind Power Integration into Future Power Systems: Overview and Trends

Fernández‐Guillamón

Das

Cutululis

et al. 2019

JMSE

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Nowadays, wind is considered as a remarkable renewable energy source to be implemented in power systems. Most wind power plant experiences have been based on onshore installations, as they are considered as a mature technological solution by the electricity sector. However, future power scenarios and roadmaps promote offshore power plants as an alternative and additional power generation source, especially in some regions such as the North and Baltic seas. According to this framework, the present paper discusses and reviews trends and perspectives of offshore wind power plants for massive offshore wind power integration into future power systems. Different offshore trends, including turbine capacity, wind power plant capacity as well as water depth and distance from the shore, are discussed. In addition, electrical transmission high voltage alternating current (HVAC) and high voltage direct current (HVDC) solutions are described by considering the advantages and technical limitations of these alternatives. Several future advancements focused on increasing the offshore wind energy capacity currently under analysis are also included in the paper.

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Energy supply security in the EU: Benchmarking diversity and dependence of primary energy

Cited by 146 publications

References 40 publications

Energy and carbon intensity: A study on the cross-country industrial shift from China to India and SE Asia

Energy and carbon intensity: A study on the cross-country industrial shift from China to India and SE Asia

A New Hybrid Method for China’s Energy Supply Security Forecasting Based on ARIMA and XGBoost

Offshore Wind Power Integration into Future Power Systems: Overview and Trends

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