Engine power generation and emission performance of syngas generated from low-density biomass

Indrawan, Natarianto; Thapa, Sunil; Bhoi, Prakash; Huhnke, Raymond L.; Kumar, Ajay

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2017.05.066

Cited by 71 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The contaminants in the syngas of biochar typically include but are not limited to ammonia (NH 3 ), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), particulate matter (PM), alkalis, and tars [56]. The emission levels often do not comply with current environmental regulations in many states, including some large agricultural states like California [57,58]. Although the United States is one of the largest producers of biochar in the world, most of the biochar used in the country is imported from elsewhere [25].…”

Section: Major Challenges For Biochar Production Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

Chan

Sharbatmaleki

et al. 2020

Water

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Biochar’s potential to remove various contaminants from aqueous solutions has been widely discussed. The rapid development of engineered biochar produced using different feedstock materials via various methods for wastewater treatment in recent years urges an up-to-date review on this topic. This article centers on summarizing state-of-the-art methods for engineered biochar production and discussing the multidimensional benefits of applying biochar for water reuse and soil amendment in a closed-loop agriculture system. Based on numerous recent articles (<5 years) published in journals indexed in the Web of Science, engineered biochar’s production methods, modification techniques, physicochemical properties, and performance in removing inorganic, organic, and emerging contaminants from wastewater are reviewed in this study. It is concluded that biochar-based technologies have great potential to be used for treating both point-source and diffuse-source wastewater in agricultural systems, thus decreasing water demand while improving crop yields. As biochar can be produced using crop residues and other biomass wastes, its on-farm production and subsequent applications in a closed-loop agriculture system will not only eliminate expensive transportation costs, but also create a circular flow of materials and energy that promotes additional environmental and economic benefits.

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Section: Major Challenges For Biochar Production Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

Chan

Sharbatmaleki

et al. 2020

Water

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“…The content of sulphur considerably influences the quality of the syngas. The lower the sulphur content, the higher the quality of the syngas [53][54][55]. Table 3.…”

Section: Parameter T R1 (°C) T R2 (°C) Pressure (Bar) Scw/cmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Quality Syngas Production with Supercritical Biomass Gasification Integrated with a Water–Gas Shift Reactor

et al. 2019

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A thermodynamic assessment is conducted for a new configuration of a supercritical water gasification plant with a water–gas shift reactor. The proposed configuration offers the potential for the production of syngas at different H2:CO ratios for various applications such as the Fischer–Tropsch process or fuel cells, and it is a path for addressing the common challenges associated with conventional gasification plants such as nitrogen dilution and ash separation. The proposed concept consists of two reactors, R1 and R2, where the carbon containing fuel is gasified (in reactor R1) and in reactor R2, the quality of the syngas (H2:CO ratio) is substantially improved. Reactor R1 is a supercritical water gasifier and reactor R2 is a water–gas shift reactor. The proposed concept was modelled using the Gibbs minimization method with HSC chemistry software. Our results show that the supercritical water to fuel ratio (SCW/C) is a key parameter for determining the quality of syngas (molar ratio of H2:CO) and the carbon conversion reaches 100%, when the SWC/C ratio ranges between two and 2.5 at 500–1000 °C.

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“…The mechanical system of the engine was not modelled, instead, an electrical efficiency of 30% is assumed to calculate the gross electrical power output of the system. An additional 20% of power derating is considered since fuelling the engine with the producer gas causes a lower net calorific value of the fuel mixture [65].…”

Section: Internal Combustion Engine Specifications and Producer Gas Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of coffee stems gasification to provide bioenergy for coffee farms: a case study in the Colombian coffee sector

García-Freites

Welfle

Lea‐Langton

et al. 2019

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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The coffee industry constitutes an important part of the global economy. Developing countries produce over 90% of world coffee production, generating incomes for around 25 million smallholder farmers. The scale of this industry poses a challenge with the generation of residues along with the coffee cultivation and processing chain. Coffee stems, obtained after pruning of coffee trees, are one of those abundant and untapped resources in the coffee supply chain. Their high lignocellulosic content, the low calorific value ranging between 17.5 and 18 MJ kg −1 and the low ash content make them a suitable solid fuel for thermochemical conversion, such as gasification. This research evaluates the feasibility of using these residues in small-scale downdraft gasifiers coupled to internal combustion engines for power and low-grade heat generation, using process modelling and the Colombian coffee sector as a case study. The producer gas properties (5.6 MJ Nm −3) and the gasifier's performance characteristics suggest that this gas could be utilized for power generation. A cogeneration system efficiency of 45.6% could be attainable when the system's low-grade heat is recovered for external applications, like in the coffee drying stage. An analysis of the energy demand and coffee stems availability within the Colombian coffee sector shows that the biomass production level in medium-to large-scale coffee farms is well matched to their energy demands, offering particularly attractive opportunities to deploy this bioenergy system. This work assesses the feasibility of providing coffee stem-sourced low-carbon energy for global coffee production at relevant operating scales in rural areas. Keywords Gasification. Coffee residues. Process modelling. Power and heat generation. Coffee sector. Energy demand Abbreviations CHP Combined heat and power CGE Cold gas efficiency daf Dry ash-free composition d.b. Dry-basis composition ER Equivalence ratio HGE Hot gas efficiency ICE Internal combustion engine LI Low income LMI Low-middle income LHV Low heating value MC Moisture content UMI Upper-middle income * Samira Garcia-Freites

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Engine power generation and emission performance of syngas generated from low-density biomass

Cited by 71 publications

References 28 publications

Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

High Quality Syngas Production with Supercritical Biomass Gasification Integrated with a Water–Gas Shift Reactor

The potential of coffee stems gasification to provide bioenergy for coffee farms: a case study in the Colombian coffee sector

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