Engineering aspects of the aqueous noble metal catalysed alcohol oxidation

Kluytmans, Jhj Jeroen; Markusse, AP Abraham; Kuster, Bfm Ben; Marin, Gbmm Guy; Schouten, JC Jaap

doi:10.1016/s0920-5861(99)00316-8

Cited by 126 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…3. Compared with the other research's data, 4) ½glucose=½Pd ¼ 787, the reaction time was 2.5 hours, for our catalyst Bi-Pd /C catalyst, at 1% dosage of glucose, ½glucose=½Pd ¼ 1666, the reaction duration is about 4 hours. So the catalyst reactivity is quite fast and reasonable for possible industrial application.…”

Section: Catalyst Dosage and Reaction Ratecontrasting

confidence: 49%

Synthesis of Sodium Gluconate by Bi Promoted Pd/C Catalyst

Bian

Shen

2007

Mater. Trans.

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Bi promoted Pd/C catalyst (Bi-Pd/C) was prepared and evaluated for glucose oxidation in this paper. Reaction rate depends on Bi and Pd ratio on activated carbon. Best promotion effect was got when PdCl 2 to Bi (NO) 3 Á5H 2 O weight ratio was 1 to 3 during catalyst preparation. Compared with other noble metal catalyst, the reaction time was reduced and Bi prevented the Pd/C deactivation during this reaction. The reaction cycle for this catalyst was increased a lot compared with other Pd/C catalyst. Through XPS analysis, Bi, Pd was formed on the surface of activated carbon particles. The catalyst reaction cycles for Bi-Pd/C catalyst was exceeded to 20 cycles in spite of the catalyst loss during each cycle. This catalyst can be used for industrial process to oxidize glucose to sodium gluconate.

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Section: Catalyst Dosage and Reaction Ratecontrasting

confidence: 49%

Synthesis of Sodium Gluconate by Bi Promoted Pd/C Catalyst

Bian

Shen

2007

Mater. Trans.

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“…This signifies the more interfacial active sites available for oxygen adsorption and subsequent ammonia sensing. Here, the role of Ag nanoparticles could be the breaking of hydrogen bonding [37][38][39] and -OH groups so that the oxygen gets adsorbed onto interface of the GG/Ag nanocomposite as O 2 2 (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposite based flexible ultrasensitive resistive gas sensor for chemical reactions studies

pandey¹,

Pandey²,

Goswami³

et al. 2013

Protocol Exchange

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Room temperature operation, low detection limit and fast response time are highly desirable for a wide range of gas sensing applications. However, the available gas sensors suffer mainly from high temperature operation or external stimulation for response/recovery. Here, we report an ultrasensitive-flexiblesilver-nanoparticle based nanocomposite resistive sensor for ammonia detection and established the sensing mechanism. We show that the nanocomposite can detect ammonia as low as 500 parts-per-trillion at room temperature in a minute time. Furthermore, the evolution of ammonia from different chemical reactions has been demonstrated using the nanocomposite sensor as an example. Our results demonstrate the proof-of-concept for the new detector to be used in several applications including homeland security, environmental pollution and leak detection in research laboratories and many others.A mmonium nitrate is present in many explosives and is known to gradually decompose and release trace amounts of ammonia. It is, therefore, essential to detect a trace of the gas to prevent the fatal accidents. The variation of conductivity of metal oxides and conducting polymers has been explored for the detection of ammonia in ppb (parts-per-billion) range. The conventional solid state and conducting polymer sensors suffer from ultralow detection at room temperature . The commercially available conducting polymer sensors require high power consumption since they provide adequate sensitivity only at high temperatures. Intense research is underway to develop new sensing materials and devices for a wide range of applications, especially, at room temperature. It has been shown that the graphene and carbon nanotube based detectors can operate at room temperature [27][28][29][30][31][32] . However, it is required to supply air or oxygen along with ammonia and apply either a current of 100 mA or UV illumination in order to clean the adsorbed gas molecules for sensor recovery [27][28][29][30][31][32] . A self-activated highly sensitive graphene 32 or metal oxide nanostructures 33 have been reported where the response time is few minutes.An ideal sensor should possess the following significant features: (i) operation at room temperature; (ii) working in ambient environment and no requirement of oxygen or air supply; (iii) no external stimulus such as Joule heating or UV illumination for response/recovery; (iv) low detection limit; (v) high sensitivity and reproducibility; (vi) fast response and recovery; (vii) low cost and eco-friendly, etc. We have previously reported the aqueous ammonia sensing of guar gum/silver nanoparticles (GG/Ag) solutions based on the variation of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks 34 . Limitations of the method are that the solution cannot be reused and the detection limit is ppm level. Here, we report an ultrasensitive chemiresistor sensor based on GG/Ag nanocomposite for ammonia detection. The conductance of the sensor increases and the change is shown to be improved by increasing the loading of Ag n...

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“…At 373 K, the rate of reaction first increases with the increase in pO 2 from 95 to 380 Torr and then decreases with the increase in pO 2 from 380 to 760 torr. This suggests that the major pathway of this reaction system is the oxidation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone, while dehydration and some other complicated processes are the minor path ways at higher temperature [15]- [17]. Increased rate can be attributed to the strong chemisorption of oxygen and cyclohexanol on the surface of the catalyst, while the decreased rate of formation of cyclohexanone may be due to competition for adsorption sites between oxygen and cyclohexanol.…”

Section: Effect Of Partial Pressure Of Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 98%