Engineering Investigation of the Geological Problems for Old Mosul City by Remote Sensing and GIS

Abstract

Mosul is the provincial capital of the Nineveh Governorate located on the River Tigris, near the ancient city of Nineveh. The study focused on the urban planning of the old Mosul City, which was built hundreds of years ago, or even thousands of years, and its cultural, security, economic, and environmental importance. The city was designed according to the topography of the undulating area, and the slopes and tops of the hills were used for building houses, and the valleys that represent water drainage systems were used to make zukaks. This is evidenced by the passage of the waters of the runways and their movement from the highest areas and their flow to the main streets that represent the highest levels of drainage systems or the main valleys that eventually flow into the Tigris River. This unique design was of great importance in the cleanliness of the city, especially in the rainy seasons. The city was washed from the highest point to the bottom, and there were no floods inside the city except in relatively newly built areas, such as the Tawafa area, which was named as a result of its immersion in water during the winter and spring seasons. The obtained results of the study show a significant match between the natural drainage systems and the urban planning of the old city. This congruence appeared as a result of some geotechnical problems in the buildings and main streets, as there was a large inclination for most of the relatively high commercial buildings in and towards these streets. In these streets over time, there has been numerous successive collapse and settlement. The cause may be attributed to the weakness of the filling materials, as well as the flow of groundwater through them because this water follows the ancient course of the main valleys.

Assessment of the Impact of War on Concentrations of Pollutants and Heavy Metals and Their Seasonal Variations in Water and Sediments of the Tigris River in Mosul/Iraq

“…Rather, surface drains from rainwater additionally enter the Tigris in addition to existing drains, which significantly increases the percent of pollution in the river at these sites, especially in winter. According to the topography and the slopes of the Old City, the passage of the water of the runways and their movement from the highest areas and their flow to the low area that represent the highest levels of drainage systems, or the main valleys, that eventually flow into the Tigris River [43].…”

Enhancing Artificial Intelligence in Advanced Database Systems for Baghdad's Urban Transportation Management

“…This design, including the geographical data model, is carefully developed through scientific methods [9] . The Map Layer, also known as the cartographic information layer, is a collection of information that includes one variable or spatial phenomenon within the study area, referred to as a Coverage [10] . The classes within the database are carefully constructed to achieve these objectives thus: To prepare for linking to databases during fieldwork, the layers mentioned above should be customized through coding to enable identification and handling by both GIS software and other statistical division software.…”

Engineering geological map of the riverfront in the old city of Mosul

“…In terms of destruction, the city was divided into several sectors, and the study area falls within a largely destroyed one (Figure 4). As a result, it was necessary to rebuild the riverfront of the city in a way that reflected its heritage [3]. Although wars cause disasters, they can also provide opportunities for sustainable development by advancing the reality of those cities and communities through reconstruction [4].…”