Engineering of TeO2-ZnO-BaO-Based Glasses for Mid-Infrared Transmitting Optics

Abstract

In this paper, the glass systems, TeO2–ZnO–BaO (TZB), TeO2–ZnO–BaO–Nb2O5 (TZB–Nb) and TeO2–ZnO–BaO–MoO3 (TZB–Mo), were fabricated by the traditional melt-quench protocol for use as mid-infrared (mid-IR) transmitting optical material. The effect of Nb2O5 and MoO3 on the key glass material properties was studied through various techniques. From the Raman analysis, it was found that the structural modification was clear with the addition of both Nb2O5 and MoO3 in the TZB system. The transmittance of studied glasses was measured and found that the optical window covered a region from 0.4 to 6 μm. The larger linear refractive index was obtained for the Nb2O5-doped TZB glass system than that of other studied systems. High glass transition temperature, low thermo-mechanical coefficient and high Knoop hardness were noticed in the Nb2O5-doped TZB glass system due to the increase in cross-linking density and rigidity in the tellurite network. The results suggest that the Nb2O5-doped TZB optical glasses could be a promising material for mid-infrared transmitting optics.

Effect of B2O3 addition on thermal and optical properties of TeO2–ZnO–Bi2O3–TiO2 glasses

“…Finally, it can be seen from figure 12 that the maximum phonon energy [68][69][70][71] of all the examined glasses are nearly the same, which are in the range of 736-740 cm −1 . These values are slightly lower than most of tellurite glasses [63,72] but significantly lower than silicate glasses [73,74], borate glasses [75], phospahate glasses [76].…”

“…The band located at around 598-630 cm −1 may be attributed to Te-O stretching vibrations mode in TeO 4 [62]. The fourth band located around 466-481 may be assigned as symmetric stretching and bending vibrational mode of Te-O-Te linkages [59,63]. The fifth around 446-406 cm −1 is assigned as symmetrical stretching or bending vibration of Te-O-Te linkages at corner sharing sites [64].…”

Effect of La2O3 on the optical, thermal, structural and radiation shielding properties of TeO2–ZnO–BaO glasses

“…Glasses are good choice of materials for drawing as fibers. Among the family of glasses, tellurites with their higher refractive indices and broad transmission range well into the infrared has formed a material of choice in recent decades [1][2][3][4][5]. These have lower melting temperatures and high thermal stability, paving the way for fiber formation.…”

Numerical Simulation of High-Power Optical Amplifiers at 2.3 µm Based on a Special Multicore Fiber

“…Silica glasses commonly used for near-IR fiber devices have large losses beyond 2.1 µm, so their use is very limited at longer wavelengths (although not excluded [9]). Tellurite glasses are transparent in the range of ~0.5-5 µm, have excellent optical and physicochemical properties [8,[10][11][12][13] and fairly high damage thresholds (i.e., they can resist high peak intensities [14]), can be doped with high concentrations of active ions [15], and are produced with low background losses [8]. Lasers at 2.3 µm based on tellurite fibers doped with trivalent thulium ions have been successfully demonstrated [5][6][7], but their experimental powers still do not exceed several hundred mW [7].…”