Engineering Plasmonic Environments for 2D Materials and 2D-Based Photodetectors

Abstract

Two-dimensional layered materials are considered ideal platforms to study novel small-scale optoelectronic devices due to their unique electronic structures and fantastic physical properties. However, it is urgent to further improve the light–matter interaction in these materials because their light absorption efficiency is limited by the atomically thin thickness. One of the promising approaches is to engineer the plasmonic environment around 2D materials for modulating light–matter interaction in 2D materials. This method greatly benefits from the advances in the development of nanofabrication and out-plane van der Waals interaction of 2D materials. In this paper, we review a series of recent works on 2D materials integrated with plasmonic environments, including the plasmonic-enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield, strong coupling between plasmons and excitons, nonlinear optics in plasmonic nanocavities, manipulation of chiral optical signals in hybrid nanostructures, and the improvement of the performance of optoelectronic devices based on composite systems.

Energy transfer and charge transfer between semiconducting nanocrystals and transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers

“…124 Furthermore, combining the electronic properties and small footprint of TMDs with the large optical cross-sections and geometry-tunable plasmon resonances of metallic NCs has the potential to fill the existing need for photodetectors in the short-wave infrared region of the spectrum (B1-2.5 mm) where current detectors are both expensive and noisy. The large fields associated with plasmonic NCs can also greatly enhance direct light absorption and emission, [125][126][127][128][129][130] as well as nonlinear frequency conversion, [131][132][133] in atomically thin monolayers of TMDs, all of which is beneficial for compact and efficient nanophotonic devices. Such effects are now being pushed to the quantum regime, where strong coupling between TMD excitons and plasmonic NC-based nano-and pico-cavities leads to polaritonic states [134][135][136][137][138][139] whose energies and localized quantum-optical properties can be widely tuned by both electrical and mechanical means.…”

Optimal design of graphene-based plasmonic enhanced photodetector using PSO

“…These unique electromagnetic excitations lead to a significant increase in the electromagnetic field at the metal–dielectric interface, so that light can be confined beyond its diffraction limit, which is a great advantage. One of the promising approaches is to engineer the plasmonic environment around two-dimensional materials to regulate the light-matter interaction 35 . Two-dimensional materials have emerged as a captivating area of research due to their unique properties and promising applications across a multitude of fields.…”

“…This arrangement provides extraordinary properties such as exceptional mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity, and remarkable electrical conductivity. In addition to the mentioned cases, these materials have far better advantages than other two-dimensional materials, among which the following can be mentioned: High carrier transfer rate 7 , 26 , 35 , 41 Wide responsivity range 27 , 37 Small footprint 16 , 19 Simple fabrication process 35 Low power consumption 19 Ultra-sensitivity 19 , 42 Compatibility with CMOS 13 …”