Engineering principles and process designs for phosphorus recovery as struvite: A comprehensive review

Krishnamoorthy, Nageshwari; Dey, Baishali; Unpaprom, Yuwalee; Ramaraj, Rameshprabu; Maniam, Gaanty Pragas; Nagarajan, G.; Jayaraman, Srinivasan; Thirugnanam, A.; Balasubramanian, P.

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2021.105579

Cited by 70 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Therefore, chemical precipitant use might be reduced with the application of EBPR, but never fully redundant. A switch to EBPR will also come with additional operational tasks for plant operators, most importantly the prevention of scaling of pipes through uncontrolled P precipitation as struvite [26]. Controlling this struvite precipitation would be beneficial, as it would create more easily accessible P forms for recovery both on-site as well as from ash [27], but it is unclear if plant operators can be persuaded to take on these additional challenges.…”

Section: Phosphorus Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operation and Performance of Austrian Wastewater and Sewage Sludge Treatment as a Basis for Resource Optimization

Amann

Weber

Krampe

et al. 2021

Water

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Recent years came with a paradigm shift for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to extend the sole purpose of contaminant removal to an additional function as resource recovery facilities. This shift is accompanied by the development of new European legislation towards better inclusion of resource recovery from wastewater. However, long operational lifespans and a multitude of treatment requirements demand thorough investigations into how resource recovery can be implemented sustainably. To aid the formulation of new legislation for phosphorus (P) recovery specifically, in 2017 we conducted a survey on Austrian WWTP-infrastructure, with a focus on P removal and sludge treatment, as well as disposal and sludge quality of all WWTPs above 2000 population equivalents (PE). Data were prepared for analysis, checked for completeness and cross-checked for plausibility. This study presents the major findings from this database and draws essential conclusions for the future recovery of P from wastewater. We see results from this study as useful to other countries, describing the current state of the art in Austria and potentially aiding in developing wastewater treatment and P recovery strategies.

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Section: Phosphorus Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operation and Performance of Austrian Wastewater and Sewage Sludge Treatment as a Basis for Resource Optimization

Amann

Weber

Krampe

et al. 2021

Water

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“…However, it must be noticed that presence of ionic species may hinder the efficient of struvite recovery, product purity, morphology, and reaction speed. High concentrations of Ca in particular are known to precipitate simultaneously as phosphate salts along struvite ( Krishnamoorthy et al., 2021 ; Pastor, 2008 ), mainly at pH > 10. Soluble ions could also precipitate due to chelation into struvite ( Nandre et al., 2021 ; Warmadewanthi et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility of nutrient recovery and recycling is considered one of the key elements to move towards the circular economy. It would reduce the depletion of natural resources, the impact of their extraction and manufacture ( Krishnamoorthy et al., 2021 ; Robles et al., 2020 ). However, when nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous are not recovered, they can become an environmental problem, affecting the quality of water bodies and land.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of nutrients from landfill leachate: A case study

Lucero-Sorbazo¹,

Beltrán-Villavicencio²,

González-Aragón³

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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“…There are many patents and scientific papers devoted to improving the performance of this process. Reviews are made by Shi et al [ 38 ], Li et al [ 63 ], Larsen et al [ 64 ], Yakovleva et al [ 65 ], and Krishnamoorthy et al [ 66 ]. The method is quite simple and allows one to obtain fertilizers from residual streams of various composition.…”

Section: Conventional Methods Of the Residual Streams Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Nutrients from Residual Streams Using Ion-Exchange Membranes: Current State, Bottlenecks, Fundamentals and Innovations

2022

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The review describes the place of membrane methods in solving the problem of the recovery and re-use of biogenic elements (nutrients), primarily trivalent nitrogen NIII and pentavalent phosphorus PV, to provide the sustainable development of mankind. Methods for the recovery of NH4+ − NH3 and phosphates from natural sources and waste products of humans and animals, as well as industrial streams, are classified. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities of using membrane processes for the transition to a circular economy in the field of nutrients. The possibilities of different methods, already developed or under development, are evaluated, primarily those that use ion-exchange membranes. Electromembrane methods take a special place including capacitive deionization and electrodialysis applied for recovery, separation, concentration, and reagent-free pH shift of solutions. This review is distinguished by the fact that it summarizes not only the successes, but also the “bottlenecks” of ion-exchange membrane-based processes. Modern views on the mechanisms of NH4+ − NH3 and phosphate transport in ion-exchange membranes in the presence and in the absence of an electric field are discussed. The innovations to enhance the performance of electromembrane separation processes for phosphate and ammonium recovery are considered.

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Engineering principles and process designs for phosphorus recovery as struvite: A comprehensive review

Cited by 70 publications

References 146 publications

Operation and Performance of Austrian Wastewater and Sewage Sludge Treatment as a Basis for Resource Optimization

Operation and Performance of Austrian Wastewater and Sewage Sludge Treatment as a Basis for Resource Optimization

Recycling of nutrients from landfill leachate: A case study

Recovery of Nutrients from Residual Streams Using Ion-Exchange Membranes: Current State, Bottlenecks, Fundamentals and Innovations

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