Engineering Properties of 1200 kg/m³ Lightweight Foamed Concrete with Egg Shell Powder as Partial Replacement Material of Cement

Abstract

This study presents the effects of egg shell powder on lightweight foamed concrete when partially replace the cement. At 2017, 12235 million eggs were consumed and around 85 thousand tonnes of egg shell waste was the yield in Malaysia. The waste might result in an environmental problem if it is not reused properly. Besides, large cement production also results in carbon dioxide emission and depletion of natural limestone. Therefore, studies on effects of egg shell powder on properties of lightweight foamed concrete as partial replacement of cement is attractive to be carried out by aiming to promote the application of lightweight foamed concrete as well as to mitigate the environmental issue by reducing the number of eggshell wastes and pure cement production. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects on engineering properties of lightweight foamed concrete with a fresh density of 1200 ± 50 kg/m3 when the cement is partially replaced by egg shell powder at replacement levels of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% by mass. The properties of the lightweight foamed concrete studied included workability, stability, compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, and sorptivity. The results show that the replacement of egg shell powder reduces the spread diameter, stability, and sorptivity, and improve the compressive and flexural strengths at replacement level of up to 5%. The eggshell powder is feasible to be used as partial cement replacement material for the production of the masonry unit.

Dimensional Stability of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Containing Eggshell Powder and Calcium Stearate

“…It was produced by using a foam generator. In the foam generator, the mixture of water and foam agent at a ratio of 1:20 was passing through a series of high-density mesh with 0.5 MPa compressed air [10] and turn into foam.…”

“…Keywords: Calcium Stearate, dimensional stability, eggshell powder, foamed concrete and lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) [2], [10], [11]. Besides improve compressive and flexural strengths, partially replace cement by using ESP at specific RL as well increase maximum capacity and deflection at the failure of reinforced one-way concrete slab [12].…”

Design Efficiency, Characteristics, and Utilization of Reinforced Foamed Concrete: A Review

“…From previous research [28,[41][42][43], the cement replacements can be conducted with palm oil fuel ash (POFA), granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), pulverized fly ash and eggshells. The high content of pozzolanic binders shown in Table 2, may lead to C-S-H gel bonding the same as cement and therefore exhibit the good pozzolanic effect.…”

“…Pozzolanic reactions, as shown in Equations ( 1) and ( 2), can be used for representing the activity where having SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 for producing hydrated gels of C-S-H and C-A-H (Table 3) [47]. From previous research, it is recommended to limit their replacement cement with eggshells for 7.5% [42] and 20 to 30% for pulverized fly ash, PFA [41] and palm oil fuel ash, POFA [43] of cement replacements to maintain its strength from gradually strength decrement. Table 3 shows the constituents of pozzolanic materials.…”

Application of novel synthesized nanocomposites containing κ-carrageenan/PVA/eggshell in cement mortars

“…Moreover, the calcium oxide found in eggshells has an accelerating effect on hydration and reduces the setting time in cement paste (12). Earlier studies on the addition of eggshell powder in cementitious composites have revealed that partially replacing cement with eggshell powder leads to an increase in compressive strength up to a level of 5% eggshell substitution by weight of cement (13)(14)(15)(16)(17). The reduction in strength that is observed at higher eggshell powder contents is attributed to the dilution of cement within the composition (18).…”