English hospital episode data analysis (1998–2018) reveal that the rise in dog bite hospital admissions is driven by adult cases

Tulloch, John; Owczarczak‐Garstecka, Sara C.; Fleming, Kate M; Vivancos, Roberto

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81527-7

Cited by 36 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The prevention of dog bites and other dog-related injuries is an increasingly important public health concern globally and in New Zealand (NZ), as the incidence of these events continues to rise, including during the current COVID-19 pandemic 1–3. As with other unintentional injuries, dog bites are not ‘accidents’, but preventable traumatic injuries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of dog bite prevention strategies

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThe prevention of dog bites is an increasingly important public health topic, as the incidence of serious injury continues to rise.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to prevent dog bites and aggression.MethodsOnline databases were searched (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Google Scholar), using the search terms: dog/s, canine, canis, kuri, bite/s, bitten, aggression, attack, death, fatal, mortality, injury/ies, prevention, intervention, for studies between 1960 and 2021. All study designs were considered. Outcomes of interest were the incidence of dog bites or dog aggression. Non-English studies, and those without full-text access were excluded.ResultsForty-three studies met the review criteria, including 15 observational and 27 interventional studies. Fifteen studies investigating dog-control legislation, including leash laws, stray dog control and infringements indicated this can reduce dog bite rates. Breed-specific legislation had less of an effect. Six studies investigating sterilisation, showed while this may reduce dog bites through a reduction in the dog population, the effect on dog aggression was unclear. An alcohol reduction programme showed a significant reduction in dog bite rates in one study. Seven studies assessing educational approaches found that intensive adult-directed education may be effective, with one study showing child-directed education was not effective. Eight studies on dog training (two police-dog related), and six evaluating dog medication or diet were generally low quality and inconclusive.ConclusionsMultiple strategies including effective engagement with indigenous communities and organisations will be required to reduce dog-bites and other incidents involving dog aggression. This review provides some evidence that legislated dog control strategies reduce dog bite rates. Available evidence suggests greater restrictions should be made for all dogs, rather than based on breed alone. Due to a burden of child injury, protection of children should be a focus of legislation and further investigations. Prevention strategies in children require redirection away from a focus on child-directed education and future research should investigate the effectiveness of engineering barriers and reporting strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of dog bite prevention strategies

et al. 2022

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“…60%) of victims are adults, of which one-third are people aged 60 or more, especially women. Based on the data from England, where the increase in dog bite hospitalization in recent years was caused by adult rather than childhood cases [14]; a similar situation can be expected in Poland. Additional striking warning results from a significant increase in the number of European fatalities due to dog attacks in 1995-2016 [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…At the same time, the researchers use various measures of the scale of the problem, and the incidence rate is calculated based on an emergency department cohort [13], hospital admissions [14] or bite case records [15]. This causes problems when comparing the data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospitalization for dog bites in Poland between 2006–2020

Cianciara¹,

Goryński²,

Seroka³

2022

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction andObjective. Owning a dog or spending time around a dog have many benefits, but also pose a risk of being bitten or attacked. Currently, publications on dog bites and related factors come from both high-income countries and low-and middle-income countries. So far, no attempt has been made to assess this phenomenon in Poland. The aim of this study was to determine the number of such events and evaluate hospital medical assistance provided to dog bite victims in Poland in the period of 15 years between 2006-2020. Materials and method. This cross-sectional study was based on the data from the Nationwide General Hospital Morbidity Study and cases with the code W54 (ICD-10) as the cause of hospitalization. As part of the analysis, victim demographical data, with an emphasis on city-and country-dwellers, as well as treatment variables were assessed. Results. Between 2006Between -2020,145 cases of hospitalizations for dog bites were found, of which approx. 42% occurred in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns. Most of the victims were children aged 0-9, and this is especially common among boys living in the countryside. It was found that regardless of the place of residence, there was a systematic decrease in hospitalization of men as they were older. In women, however, the decrease in hospitalization concerned only the age groups 0-39. Among older women, the percentage of hospitalization increased, especially among rural women aged 60 and over. Conclusions. Hospital discharge records report a small number of dog bites. These are only the tip of the iceberg. The problem has a multi-factorial nature and requires epidemiological monitoring and further research on correlates and determinants, as well as preventive measures.

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“…More specifically, virtual animals may be of use in addressing public health outcomes directly related to contact with animals. For example, hospital admissions in England as a result of dog bites are increasing (Tulloch et al, 2021a) causing significant physical injury and interventions to prevent these occurring are required. Dog bites can also result in ASD (acute stress disorder) or PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) (Peters et al, 2004;Ji et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Scoping Review of Human-Dog Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality: The Use of Virtual Dog Models and Immersive Equipment

Oxley

Santa

Meyer

et al. 2022

Front. Virtual Real.

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Virtual reality is beneficial from a research and education perspective as it allows the assessment of participants in situations that would otherwise be ethically and practically difficult or impossible to study in the real world. This is especially the case where the assessment of human behaviour in the presence of stimuli (e.g. an aggressive dog) is being measured which could potentially constitute a risk in a real-world environment (e.g. a dog bite). Given that the dog is the most popular companion animal species, to date there is limited research that identifies and reviews the use of virtual and augmented reality directly relating to human-dog interactions. Furthermore, there also appears to be no review of the equipment and dog model specifications, such as dog breed and behaviours, which are currently used in these studies. As a result, this systematic scoping review searched ten databases to assess the current use and specifications of dog models which directly focused on human-dog interactions. Ten articles were identified. Six related to assessment or treatment of dog fear/phobia (cynophobia), three included multiple animal phobias, including dogs, and one article investigated the human and virtual dog interactions whilst walking. Six articles used a single breed (German Shepherd, Beagle, Doberman, and Rottweiler). Both the breed and behaviours displayed lacked justification and were often not evidence based. Specific measurements of model quality (e.g., polygons/vertices) were reported in only two articles which may affect repeatability and make comparisons between studies difficult. The virtual reality equipment (e.g. CAVE, head mounted display) and navigation methods (e.g. joystick, mouse, room scale walking) used varied between studies. In conclusion, there is a need for the accurate development and representation, including appearance and behaviours, of dog models in virtual and augmented reality. This is of high importance especially as most of the research covered in this review was conducted with the aim to treat the fear or phobia of dogs.

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English hospital episode data analysis (1998–2018) reveal that the rise in dog bite hospital admissions is driven by adult cases

Cited by 36 publications

References 47 publications

Systematic review of dog bite prevention strategies

Systematic review of dog bite prevention strategies

Hospitalization for dog bites in Poland between 2006–2020

A Systematic Scoping Review of Human-Dog Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality: The Use of Virtual Dog Models and Immersive Equipment

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