“…Since the historic political overturn of 1989, which guaranteed an opening to Western culture, values, and technologies, the number of anglicisms (i.e., words borrowed from English) has quadrupled.1 This is also facilitated by the current foreign language teaching policy and the growing Polish-English bilingualism of Polish citizens. English words, including catch phrases, idioms, and proverbs, are used in standard Polish in all spheres of life such as sports, technological advancements, fashion, popular culture, occupations, and many more (Mańczak-Wohlfeld, 1995;Witalisz, 2015). English-sourced terms also appear in professional languages and sociolects (e.g., in the language of information technology specialists, international corporation employees, medical doctors, as well as in the slang used by the youth and various subcultures, such as hiphop and skateboarding) (e.g., Zabawa, 2017;Cierpich, 2019).…”